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It is well known that photospheric flux emergence is an important process for stressing coronal fields and storing magnetic free energy, which may then be released during a flare. The \emph{Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager} (HMI) onboard…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Lucas A. Tarr , Dana W. Longcope , Margaret Millhouse

Magnetic imprints, the rapid and irreversible evolution of photospheric magnetic fields as a feedback from flares in the corona, have been confirmed by many previous studies. These studies showed that the horizontal field will permanently…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-31 Zekun Lu , Weiguang Cao , Gaoxiang Jin , Yining Zhang , Mingde Ding , Yang Guo

We take a broad look at the problem of identifying the magnetic solar causes of space weather. With the lackluster performance of extrapolations based upon magnetic field measurements in the photosphere, we identify a region in the near UV…

The open solar flux, that is, the total magnetic flux escaping the Sun, is one of the most important parameters connecting solar activity to the Earth. The open solar flux is commonly estimated from photospheric magnetic field measurements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-23 Ismo Tähtinen , Timo Asikainen , Kalevi Mursula

An analysis of the tilt angles of the active regions in 15-24 activity cycles was performed. We used data from measurements of magnetic fields in the sunspot umbra in the period 1918 -2019 at the Mount Wilson Observatory, as well as the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-24 Andrey Tlatov

Context: Solar active regions (ARs) are key manifestations of the Sun's magnetic activity, displaying diverse spatial and temporal characteristics. Their formation and evolution play a crucial role in understanding the solar dynamo and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-06 M. Švanda , J. Jurčák , M. Schmassmann

Solar flares are defined as outbursts on the surface of the Sun. They occur when energy accumulated in magnetic fields enclosing solar active regions (ARs) is abruptly expelled. Solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections are sources…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-24 Huseyin Cavus , Jason T. L. Wang , Teja P. S. Singampalli , Gani Caglar Coban , Hongyang Zhang , Abd-ur Raheem , Haimin Wang

The precise physical process that triggers solar flares is not currently understood. Here we attempt to capture the signature of this mechanism in solar image data of various wavelengths and use these signatures to predict flaring activity.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 Eric Jonas , Monica G. Bobra , Vaishaal Shankar , J. Todd Hoeksema , Benjamin Recht

High degree solar mode frequencies as measured by ring diagrams are known to change in the presence of the strong magnetic fields found in active regions. We examine these changes in frequency for a large sample of active regions analyzed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Charles S. Baldner , Richard S. Bogart , Sarbani Basu

We present analysis of the magnetic field in seven solar flare regions accompanied by the pulsations of hard X-ray (HXR) emission. These flares were studied by Kuznetsov et al. (2016) (Paper~I), and chosen here because of the availability…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-16 I. V. Zimovets , R. Wang , Y. D. Liu , C. C. Wang , S. A. Kuznetsov , I. N. Sharykin , A. B. Struminsky , V. M. Nakariakov

We present an analysis of contemporaneous photospheric, chromospheric and coronal structures on the highly active K-dwarf star BO Mic (Speedy Mic). We localize a moderate flare in the stellar atmosphere and study its energetics, size and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 U. Wolter , J. Robrade , J. H. M. M. Schmitt , J. U. Ness

We investigate the evolution of subsurface flows during the emergence and the active phase of sunspot regions using the time-distance helioseismology analysis of the full-disk Dopplergrams from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI)…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-25 Alexander G. Kosovichev , Viacheslav M. Sadykov

Solar neutrino oscillations with wavelengths comparable to the Earth-Sun distance provide a viable explanations of the long-standing solar neutrino deficit. They imply a time-dependent modulation of the solar neutrino flux due to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-07 G. L. Fogli , E. Lisi , D. Montanino

We have examined the global structure of the solar magnetic field using data from the FeI spectral line at {\lambda}5250.2{\AA} obtained at the 150-foot tower telescope at the Mt. Wilson Observatory (MWO). For each point on the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Roger K. Ulrich , Tham Tran

Magnetic flux rope (MFR) plays an important role in solar activities. A quantitative assessment of the topology of an MFR and its evolution is crucial for a better understanding of the relationship between the MFR and the associated…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 Kai Yang , Yang Guo , M. D. Ding

We present high-cadence observations and simulations of the solar photosphere, obtained using the Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere imaging system and the MuRAM magneto-hydrodynamic code, respectively. Each dataset demonstrates a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 D. B. Jess , S. Shelyag , M. Mathioudakis , P. H. Keys , D. J. Christian , F. P. Keenan

We use high-resolution images of the sun obtained by the SDO/AIA instrument to study the evolution of the coronal loops in a flaring solar active region. During 15 February 2011 a X-2.2 class flare occurred in NOAA 11158, a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 S. Gosain

Aims. We aim to investigate the long-term temporal evolution of the magnetic field of the solar-type star \xi Bootis A, both from direct magnetic field measurements and from the simultaneous estimate of indirect activity indicators.…

In a previous study, Huang et al. (2023) used the Alfven Wave Solar atmosphere Model (AWSoM), one of the widely used solar wind models in the community, driven by ADAPT-GONG magnetograms to simulate the solar wind in the last solar cycle…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-05 Zhenguang Huang , Gabor Toth , Nishtha Sachdeva , Bart van der Holst

We compare photospheric line-of-sight magnetograms from the Synoptic Long-term Investigations of the Sun (SOLIS) vector spectromagnetograph (VSM) instrument with observations from the 150-foot Solar Tower at Mt. Wilson (MWO), Helioseismic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-01 A. Pietarila , L. Bertello , J. W. Harvey , A. A. Pevtsov