Related papers: P Cygni: An Extraordinary Luminous Blue Variable

Variable A in M33 is a member of a rare class of highly luminous, evolved stars near the upper luminosity boundary that show sudden and dramatic shifts in apparent temperature due to the formation of optically thick winds in high mass loss…

The most massive stars, with initial masses above ~50M_sun, encounter a phase of extreme mass loss - sometimes accompanied by so-called giant eruptions - in which the stars' evolution is reversed from a redward to a blueward motion in the…

Massive evolved stars in transition phases, such as Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), B[e] Supergiants (B[e]SGs), and Yellow Hypergiants (YHGs), are not well understood, and yet crucial steps in determining accurate stellar and galactic…

We present new results on the classical T Tauri star RU Lupi based on three observing runs collecting high-resolution spectra, complementary NIR spectra, multicolour photometric data, and X-ray observations. The photospheric absorption…

This study presents an investigation of nearly two dozen candidate Luminous Blue Variables (cLBVs) in the galaxies M31 and M33. Eight stars have been studied in detail, while an additional sixteen objects are briefly mentioned. Multi-epoch…

P-Cygni type Lya profiles exhibited in nearly half of starburst galaxies, both nearby and high-z, are believed to be formed by an expanding supershell surrounding a star-forming region. We apply the Monte Carlo code which was developed…

Infrared observations of hot massive stars and their environments provide a detailed picture of mass loss histories, dust formation, and dynamical interactions with the local stellar medium that can be unique to the thermal regime. We have…

The Homunculus reflection nebula around eta Carinae provides a rare opportunity to observe the spectrum of a star from multiple latitudes. We present STIS spectra of several positions in the Homunculus, showing directly that eta Car has an…

Since the IUE satellite produced a vast collection of high-resolution UV spectra of central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe), there has not been any further systematic study of the stellar winds of these stars. The high spectral…

The stellar winds of massive stars show large changes in mass-loss rates and terminal velocities during their evolution from O-star through the Luminous Blue Variable phase to the Wolf-Rayet phase. The luminosity remains approximately…

We have obtained with the LBT Telescope AO system Near-Infrared camera PISCES images of the inner-shell of the nebula around the luminous blue variable star P Cygni in the [Fe II] emission line at 1.6435 {\mu}m. We have combined the images…

We review potential mass-loss mechanisms in the various evolutionary stages of massive stars, from the well-known line-driven winds of O-stars and BA-supergiants to the less-understood winds from Red Supergiants. We discuss optically thick…

In this paper we report on spatial intensity interferometry measurements within the H$\alpha$ line on two stars: the Luminous Blue Variable supergiant \PCygni\,and the late-type B supergiant Rigel. The experimental setup was upgraded to…

We have used the optical lines of N II and Fe III to study the wind of the luminous blue variable P Cyg. This was performed by applying a version of the Self Absorption Curve (SAC) method, involving few assumptions, to lines whose flux can…

The interaction between supernova ejecta and circumstellar matter, arising from previous episodes of mass loss, provides us with a means with which to constrain the progenitors of supernovae. Radio observations of a number of supernovae…

Luminous Blue Variables are massive evolved stars, here we introduce this outstanding class of objects. Described are the specific characteristics, the evolutionary state and what they are connected to other phases and types of massive…

We present a brief overview of the theory of stellar winds with a strong emphasis on the radiation-driven outflows from massive stars. The resulting implications for the evolution and fate of massive stars are also discussed. Furthermore,…

Context. In 1985, at the end of the active phase 1977-1986, a broad (4000 km/s) Ly alpha line appeared in the symbiotic system CH Cygni that had never been observed previously. Aims. In this work we investigate the origin of this anomalous…

Mass loss is one of the key parameters that determine stellar evolution. Despite the progress we have achieved over the last decades we still cannot match the observational derived values with theoretical predictions. Even worse, there are…

We review the various techniques through which wind properties of massive stars - O stars, AB supergiants, Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars and cool supergiants - are derived. The wind momentum-luminosity relation (e.g.…