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Measurement of Very-high-energy Diffuse Gamma-ray Emissions from the Galactic Plane with LHAASO-WCDA

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is a very important tool used to study the propagation and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. In this work, we report the measurements of the diffuse emission from the Galactic plane,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-08 The LHAASO Collaboration , Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , H. X. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. C. Chu , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernández-Cadena , Y. K. Hor , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , G. B. Mou , H. J. Mu , Y. C. Nan , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Sáiz , M. Saeed , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , H. H. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , J. Z. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , W. J. Zhong , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo

X-ray signatures of galactic outflows into the circumgalactic medium

We present a set of controlled hydrodynamical simulations to study the effects of strong galactic outflows on the density and temperature structures, and associated X-ray signatures, of extra-planar and circumgalactic gas. We consider three…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-10 Ranita Jana , Kartick C. Sarkar , Jonathan Stern , Amiel Sternberg

Suzaku Detection of Extended/Diffuse Hard X-Ray Emission from the Galactic Center

Five on-plane regions within +/- 0.8deg of the Galactic center were observed with the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) and the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) onboard Suzaku. From all regions, significant hard X-ray emission was detected with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Takayuki Yuasa , Ken-ichi Tamura , Kazuhiro Nakazawa , Motohide Kokubun , Kazuo Makishima , Aya Bamba , Yoshitomo Maeda , Tadayuki Takahashi , Ken Ebisawa , Atsushi Senda , Yoshiaki Hyodo , Takeshi Go Tsuru , Katsuji Koyama , Shigeo Yamauchi , Hiromitsu Takahashi

X-ray emission from the Sombrero galaxy: a galactic-scale outflow

Based on new and archival Chandra observations of the Sombrero galaxy (M 104), we study the diffuse X-ray emission in and around its massive stellar bulge. The 2-6 keV unresolved emission from the bulge region closely follows the K-band…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Zhiyuan Li , Christine Jones , William R. Forman , Ralph P. Kraft , Dharam V. Lal , Rosanne Di Stefano , Lee R. Spitler , Shikui Tang , Q. Daniel Wang , Marat Gilfanov , Mikhail Revnivtsev

X-Ray Observations of the Galactic Center with Suzaku

We report on the diffuse X-ray emissions from the Galactic center (GCDX) observed with the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) on board the Suzaku satellite. The highly accurate energy calibrations and extremely low background of the XIS…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. Koyama , Y. Hyodo , T. Inui , M. Nobukawa , H. Mori

The X-ray View of Abell 3120

Identification of Abell 3120 as a galaxy cluster has recently been questioned with alternative suggestions including: a fossil remnant of a group merger, non-thermal emission from a radio galaxy, and projected emission from of a filamentary…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Mark Henriksen , Alexis Finoguenov

Hard X-Ray Properties of Groups of Galaxies as Observed with ASCA

X-ray spectra of groups of galaxies, obtained with the GIS instrument onboard ASCA, were investigated for diffuse hard X-rays in excess of the soft thermal emission from their inter-galactic medium (IGM). In total, 18 objects with the IGM…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Kazuhiro Nakazawa , Kazuo Makishima , Yasushi Fukazawa

High Latitude Radio Emission in a Sample of Edge-On Spiral Galaxies

We have mapped 16 edge-on galaxies at 20 cm using the VLA. For 5 galaxies, we could form spectral index, energy and magnetic field maps. We find that all but one galaxy show evidence for non-thermal high latitude radio continuum emission,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Judith A. Irwin , Jayanne English , Barkat Sorathia

Exploring the Nature of the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Source with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Observations from multiple gamma-ray telescopes have uncovered a high energy gamma-ray source spatially coincident with the Galactic center. Recently, a compelling model for the broad-band gamma-ray emission has been formulated which posits…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Tim Linden , Stefano Profumo

Gamma-ray and neutrino diffuse emissions of the Galaxy above the TeV

In this contribution we will discuss recent results concerning the intensity and the angular distribution of the gamma-ray and neutrino emissions as should be originated from the hadronic scattering of cosmic rays (CR) with the interstellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-08-02 C. Evoli , D. Grasso , L. Maccione

Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Observations of the Galactic Centre Region

Recent progress in pushing the sensitivity of the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique into the 10 mCrab regime has enabled first sensitive observations of the innermost few 100 pc of the Milky Way in Very High Energy (VHE; >100 GeV)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Christopher van Eldik

Cluster of Galaxies: An X-ray Perspective

There has been extensive recent progress in X-ray observations of clusters of galaxies with the analysis of the entire ASCA database and recent new results from Beppo-SAX, Chandra, and XMM-Newton. The temperature profiles of most clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard F. Mushotzky

Dissecting the Diffuse Emission of the Galaxy with the HAWC Observatory

Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission is produced by the interaction of high-energy cosmic rays propagating through the Milky Way with interstellar gas and radiation fields. Its measurement can provide crucial insights into the acceleration…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-04 Georg Schwefer

Gamma Rays, Electrons, Hard X-Rays, and the Central Parsec of the Milky Way

The complex interplay of processes at the Galactic Center is at the heart of numerous past, present, and (likely) future mysteries. We aim at a more complete understanding of how spectra extending to >10 TeV result. We first construct a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-29 Matthew D. Kistler

Measurement of ultra-high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission of the Galactic plane from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A

The diffuse Galactic $\gamma$-ray emission, mainly produced via interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium and/or radiation field, is a very important probe of the distribution, propagation, and interaction of cosmic rays…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-11 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Q. An , Axikegu , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , J. T. Cai , Q. Cao , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , Liang Chen , Lin Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , D. della Volpe , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , L. Q. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. B. He , Y. He , M. Heller , Y. K. Hor , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , Q. Hu , S. C. Hu , D. H. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Z. C. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , M. M. Kang , T. Ke , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , H. Y. Li , J. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , W. L. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. Y. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , R. Lu , Q. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , H. J. Mu , Y. C. Nan , A. Neronov , Z. W. Ou , B. Y. Pang , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , M. Y. Qi , Y. Q. Qi , B. Q. Qiao , J. J. Qin , D. Ruffolo , A. Saiz , D. Semikoz , C. Y. Shao , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , X. D. Sheng , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , P. H. T. Tam , Q. W. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. Wang , C. B. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , H. H. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , P. H. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. J. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zhen Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , G. G. Xin , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , J. Z. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , F. Yang , F. F. Yang , H. W. Yang , J. Y. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , S. B. Yang , Y. H. Yao , Z. G. Yao , Y. M. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Y. H. Yu , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , L. X. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. B. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. F. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , B. Zhao , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , F. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , X. Zuo

Diffuse emission from stochastic sources

Diffuse emission in gamma-rays and neutrinos are produced by the interaction of cosmic rays with the interstellar medium. Below some hundreds of TeV, the sources of these cosmic rays are most likely Galactic. Hence, observations of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-25 Anton Stall , Philipp Mertsch

Diffuse Thermal Emission from Very Hot Gas in Starburst Galaxies

BeppoSAX observations of the nearby archetypical starburst galaxies NGC253 and M82 are presented. Spectral analysis shows that the 2-10 keV spectra of both galaxies, extracted from the central 4' regions, are best fitted by a thermal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Cappi , M. Persic , L. Bassani , A. Franceschini , L. K. Hunt , S. Molendi , E. Palazzi , G. G. C. Palumbo , Y. Rephaeli , P. Salucci

Spatial distribution of the Milky Way hot gaseous halo constrained by Suzaku X-ray observations

The formation mechanism of the hot gaseous halo associated with the Milky Way Galaxy is still under debate. We report new observational constraints on the gaseous halo using 107 lines-of-sight of the Suzaku X-ray observations at…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-08 Shinya Nakashima , Yoshiyuki Inoue , Noriko Yamasaki , Yoshiaki Sofue , Jun Kataoka , Kazuhiro Sakai

An Analysis of Soft X-ray Structures at Kiloparsec Distances from the Active Nucleus of Centaurus A Galaxy

Here we re-analyze the archival {\it Chandra} data for the central parts of the Centaurus\,A radio galaxy, aiming for a systematic investigation of the X-ray emission associated with the inner radio lobes in the system, and their immediate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-10 Dominika Ł. Król , Volodymyr Marchenko , Michał Ostrowski , Łukasz Stawarz

Galactic-Center Hyper-Shell Model for the North Polar Spurs

The bipolar-hyper shell (BHS) model for the North Polar Spurs (NPS-E, -W, and Loop I) and counter southern spurs (SPS-E and -W) is revisited based on numerical hydrodynamical simulations. Propagations of shock waves produced by energetic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-23 Y. Sofue , A. Habe , J. Kataoka , T. Totani , Y. Inoue , S. Nakashima , H. Matsui , M. Akita