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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are detectable out to very large distances and as such are potentially powerful cosmological probes. Historically, the angular distribution of GRBs provided important information about their origin and physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-11-11 T. N. Ukwatta , P. R. Wozniak

We use the possible Cepheid-like luminosity estimator for the long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) developed by Reichart et al. (2000) to estimate the intrinsic luminosity, and thus the redshift, of 907 long-duration GRBs from the BATSE 4B…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Timothy Donaghy , Donald Q. Lamb , Daniel E. Reichart , Carlo Graziani

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful explosions in the universe and probe physics under extreme conditions. GRBs divide into two classes, of short and long duration, thought to originate from different types of progenitor systems.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 LAT Collaboration

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely energetic events at cosmological distances. They provide unique laboratory to investigate fundamental physical processes under extreme conditions. Due to extreme luminosities, GRBs are detectable at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-21 Poonam Chandra

The number of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected at high energies ($\sim\,0.1-100$ GeV) has seen a rapid increase over the last decade, thanks to observations from the Fermi-Large Area Telescope. The improved statistics and quality of data…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-17 Lara Nava

We compare the spectral properties of 79 short and 79 long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by BATSE and selected with the same limiting peak flux. Short GRBs have a low-energy spectral component harder and a peak energy slightly higher…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Ghirlanda , L. Nava , G. Ghisellini , A. Celotti , C. Firmani

The discovery of GRBs' afterglows has allowed us to establish several facts: their distance and energy scales, the fact that they are due to explosions, that the explosions are relativistic, and that the afterglow emission mechanism is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Mario Vietri

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are bright flashes of high energy photons that can last from about 10 milliseconds to 10 minutes. Their origin and nature have puzzled the scientific community for about 25 years until 1997, when the first X-ray…

The prompt emission of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) is still an outstanding question in the study of these cataclysmic events. Part of what makes GRBs difficult to study is how unique each event seems to be. However, aggregating many GRB…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-31 Tyler Parsotan , Hirotaka Ito

Gamma-ray burst astronomy has undergone a revolution in the last three years, spurred by the discovery of fading long-wavelength counterparts. We now know that at least the long duration GRBs lie at cosmological distances with estimated…

From Galactic binary sources, to extragalactic magnetized neutron stars, to long-duration GRBs without associated supernovae, the types of sources we now believe capable of producing bursts of gamma-rays continues to grow apace. With this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Joshua S. Bloom , Nathaniel R. Butler , Daniel A. Perley

Recently proposed correlations between the energetics of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) and their spectral properties, namely the peak energy of their prompt emission, are found to account for the observed fluence distribution of all `bright' BATSE…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Z. Bosnjak , A. Celotti , F. Longo , G. Barbiellini

The deviation from the power-law decline of the optical flux observed in GRB 970228 and GRB 980326 has been used recently to argue in favor of the connection between GRBs and supernovae. We consider an alternative explanation for this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ann A. Esin , Roger Blandford

We collected the optical light curve data of 227 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed with the TAROT, COATLI, and RATIR telescopes. These consist of 133 detections and 94 upper limits. We constructed average light curves in the observer and…

[Abridged] Very recently, relations between the peak energy of Gamma-Ray Burst burst spectra, the isotropic-equivalent energy of the burst, and the radiated energy of the burst have been found. In a way that is exactly analogous to the way…

The rate of terrestrial irradiation events by galactic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is estimated using recent standard-energy results. We assume that GRBs accelerate high-energy cosmic rays, and present results of three-dimensional simulations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Charles D. Dermer , Jeremy M. Holmes

A generic synchrotron external shock model is the widely preferred paradigm used to interpret the broad-band afterglow data of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), including predicted observable signatures from a reverse shock which have been confirmed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-23 He Gao , Peter Mészáros

The best measure of the Universe should be done using a standard "ruler" at any redshift. Type Ia Supernovae (SN Ia) probe the universe up to z$\sim$1.5, while the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) primary anisotropies concern basically…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Ghirlanda , G. Ghisellini , D. Lazzati , C. Firmani

We show that, if many GRBs are indeed produced by the collapse of massive stars, GRBs and their afterglows provide a powerful probe of the very high redshift (z > 5) universe.

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Donald Q. Lamb , Daniel E. Reichart

A model is proposed for the origin of cosmic rays (CRs) from ~10^14 eV to the highest energies, >10^20 eV. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are assumed to inject CR protons and ions into the interstellar medium of star-forming galaxies--including…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Stuart D. Wick , Charles D. Dermer , Armen Atoyan