Related papers: Photoelectric Emission from Interstellar Dust: Gra…
We have examined the dust photoelectric heating in the intergalactic medium (IGM). The heating rate in a typical radiation field of the IGM is represented by $\Gamma_{\rm pe} = 1.2\times10^{-34}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-3}$ $({\cal…
This Letter investigates the amount of dust in the intergalactic medium (IGM). The dust photoelectric heating can be the most efficient heating mechanism in the IGM where the density is very small and there are a lot of hard ultraviolet…
Photoelectric emission from dust plays an important role in grain charging and gas heating. To date, detailed models of these processes have focused primarily on grains exposed to soft radiation fields. We provide new estimates of the…
We present a method for calculating the infrared emission from a population of dust grains heated by starlight, including very small grains for which stochastic heating by starlight photons results in high temperature transients. Because…
The (2P3/2 -> 2P1/2) transition of singly--ionized carbon, [CII], is the primary coolant of diffuse interstellar gas. We describe observations of [CII] emission towards nine high Galactic latitude translucent molecular clouds, made with the…
Stochastic heating of small grains is often mentioned as a primary cause of large infrared (IR) fluxes from star-forming galaxies, e.g. at 24\mu m. If the mechanism does work at a galaxy-wide scale, it should show up at smaller scales as…
Lyman-$\alpha$ absorption systems at $z \sim 3$ with $N_{HI} \ga 3 \times 10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ have been found to be enriched with a mean metallicity of $Z/Z_{\odot} \sim 10^{-2.5}$, and a large scatter in the metallicity. It is reasonable to…
(abridged) We study photoelectric heating throughout the Large Magellanic Cloud. We quantify the importance of the [CII] cooling line and the photoelectric heating process of various environments in the LMC and investigate which parameters…
Electrons densities in different locations of our galaxy are obtained in pulsar astronomy by dividing the dispersion measure (DM) by the distance of the pulsar to Earth. The properties of the interstellar plasma are related to its heating.…
We study the radial distribution of the temperature of the warm dust and gas-to-dust mass ratios in a sample of 22 spiral galaxies. The heating capabilities of the diffuse interstellar radiation field (ISRF), based on Desert et al. model,…
The temperatures of interstellar dust grains are analyzed using stochastic simulations, taking into account the grain composition and size and the discreteness of the photon flux. [...] The distribution of grain temperatures is calculated…
We present a quantitative model for the infrared emission from dust in the diffuse interstellar medium. The model consists of a mixture of amorphous silicate grains and carbonaceous grains, each with a wide size distribution ranging from…
We present ISO-LWS measurements of the main gas cooling lines, C+ 158 mum and O 63 mum towards a moderate opacity molecular cloud (Av=3), L1721, illuminated by the B2 star nu Sco (X = 5-10). These data are combined with an extinction map…
Star formation in galaxies is regulated by dynamical and thermal processes. The photoelectric effect on small dust grains usually dominates the heating of the star-forming neutral atomic gas reservoir in metal-rich galaxies, while the lower…
The temperature of interstellar dust particles is of great importance to astronomers. It plays a crucial role in the thermodynamics of interstellar clouds, because of the gas-dust collisional coupling. It is also a key parameter in…
In dense parts of interstellar clouds (> 10^5 cm^-3), dust & gas are expected to be in thermal equilibrium, being coupled via collisions. However, previous studies have shown that the temperatures of the dust & gas may remain decoupled even…
The photoelectric heating is believed to be the main heating mechanism in cool HI clouds. The heating rate can be estimated through observations of the [CII] line emission, since this is the main coolant in regions where the photoelectric…
Dust grains in the interstellar medium interact with photons across the electromagnetic spectrum. They are generally photon energy converters, absorbing short wavelength radiation and emitting long wavelength radiation. Sixty years ago in…
In this paper we present results obtained with the new grain code in Cloudy which underline the strong effect of photo-electric heating by grains in photo-ionized regions. We study the effect that the distribution of grain sizes has on the…
We have analyzed the effects of photoelectric heating by dust grains in photoionization models of planetary nebulae. We have shown that this process is particularly important if planetary nebulae contain a population of small grains. The…