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The covariant gauge invariant perturbation theory of scalar cosmological perturbations is developed for a general Scalar-Tensor Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker cosmology in a vacuum. The perturbation equations are then solved exactly in…
It has been shown that a contracting universe with a dust-like ($w \approx 0$) fluid may provide an almost scale invariant spectrum for the gravitational scalar perturbations. As the universe contracts, the amplitude of such perturbations…
We study cosmological perturbation theory with scalar field and pressureless dust in the Hamiltonian formulation, with the dust field chosen as a matter-time gauge. The corresponding canonical action describes the dynamics of the scalar…
We present a method for constructing gauge-invariant cosmological perturbations which are gauge-invariant up to second order. As an example we give the gauge-invariant definition of the second-order curvature perturbation on uniform density…
During the past decades the study of strongly interacting fluids experienced a tremendous progress. In the relativistic heavy ion accelerators, specially the RHIC and LHC colliders, it became possible to study not only fluids made of…
In this paper, we describe the first steps towards fully non-perturbative cosmology. We explain why the conventional methods used by cosmologists based on the ADM formulation are generally inadequate for this purpose and why it is…
In this thesis, we discuss some of the applications of cosmological perturbation theory in the late universe. We begin by reviewing the tools used to understand the standard model of cosmology theoretically and to compute its observational…
We show how gauge-invariant cosmological perturbations may be constructed by an unambiguous choice of hypersurface-orthogonal time-like vector field (i.e., time-slicing). This may be defined either in terms of the metric quantities such as…
We give a detailed and improved presentation of our recently proposed formalism for non-linear perturbations in cosmology, based on a covariant and fully non-perturbative approach. We work, in particular, with a covector combining the…
The coupling of a stringlike fluid with ordinary matter and gravity may lead to a closed Universe with the dynamic of an open one. This can provide an alternative solution for the age and horizon problems. A study of density perturbations…
We study the general relativistic non-linear dynamics of self-gravitating irrotational dust in a cosmological setting, adopting the comoving and synchronous gauge, where all the equations can be written in terms of the metric tensor of…
A cosmological gravitational wave background resulting from space-time quantum perturbations at energy scales of $\sim 10^{15}$GeV is expected as a consequence of the general relativity theory in the context of the standard cosmological…
The $\Lambda$CDM framework offers a remarkably good description of our universe with a very small number of free parameters, which can be determined with high accuracy from currently available data. However, this does not mean that the…
In the non-relativistic theory of gravity recently proposed by Horava, the Hamiltonian constraint is not satisfied locally at each point in space. The absence of the local Hamiltonian constraint allows the system to have an extra…
Along the general framework of the gauge invariant perturbation theory developed in the papers [K. Nakamura, Prog. Theor. Phys. {\bf 110} (2003), 723; {\it ibid}, {\bf 113} (2005), 481.], we formulate the second order gauge invariant…
The equations of relativistic hydrodynamics are transformed so that steps forward in time preserves local simultaneity. In these variables, the space-time coordinates of neighboring points on the mesh are simultaneous according to co-moving…
In [arXiv:1004.2488], Baumann et al. present a new formalism for studying cosmological systems where the characteristic scale of non-linearities is much smaller than the Hubble scale. By integrating out the short-wavelength modes, it is…
The Hamiltonian approach to General Relativity is developed similarly to the Wheeler-DeWitt Hamiltonian cosmology, where the cosmological scale factor is treated as a time-like dynamic variable and its canonical momentum is considered as an…
The cosmological backreaction from perturbations is clearly gauge-dependent, and obviously depends on the choice of averaged Hubble rate. We consider two common choices of Hubble rate and advocate the use of comoving volume-preserving…
We investigate perturbations of Kantowski-Sachs models with a positive cosmological constant, using the gauge invariant 1+3 and 1+1+2 covariant splits of spacetime together with a harmonic decomposition. The perturbations are assumed to be…