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Studies of the diffuse X-ray emitting gas in galaxy clusters have provided powerful constraints on cosmological parameters and insights into plasma astrophysics. However, measurements of the faint cluster outskirts have become possible only…
The mean intracluster gas fraction of X-ray clusters within their hydrostatic regions is derived from recent observational compilations of David, Jones & Forman and White & Fabian. At radii encompassing a mean density 500 times the critical…
Cluster mergers are an important laboratory for studying the behaviour of dark matter (DM) and intracluster gas. There are dissociative collisions that can separate the intracluster gas from the DM. Abell 2034 presents clear dissociative…
We combine multiwavelength data in the AEGIS-XD and C-COSMOS surveys to measure the typical dark matter halo mass of X-ray selected AGN [Lx(2-10keV)>1e42 erg/s] in comparison with far-infrared selected star-forming galaxies detected in the…
Gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies has been detected on scales ranging from $\sim10^{-1}$ Mpc to $\sim10$ Mpc, namely, arcs/arclets, weak lensing and quasar-cluster associations. This allows us to derive an overall radius matter…
More than three quarters of the baryonic content of the Universe resides in a highly diffuse state that is difficult to observe, with only a small fraction directly observed in galaxies and galaxy clusters. Censuses of the nearby Universe…
In the interstellar medium, the cosmic elemental carbon abundance includes the total carbon in both gas and solid phases. The aim of the study was to trial a new method for measuring the amount and distribution of aliphatic carbon within…
(Abridged)We present a combined analysis of mass estimates in the central cores of galaxy clusters from the strong lensing, the X-ray measurements and the universal density profile (NFW). Special attention is paid to the questions…
We present a search for nuclear X-ray emission in the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) of a sample of groups and clusters of galaxies extracted from the Chandra archive. The exquisite angular resolution of Chandra allows us to obtain…
We present a method from an X-ray observation of a galaxy cluster to measure the radial profile of the dark matter velocity dispersion, sigma_DM, and to compare the dark matter ``temperature'' defined as mu m_p sigma_DM**2 / k_B with the…
We present the results of a CCD imaging survey for gravitational lensing in a sample of 38 X-ray-selected clusters of galaxies. Our sample consists of the most X-ray luminous (Lx>= 2x10^{44} erg s^{-1}) clusters selected from the Einstein…
We test the predictions of Emergent Gravity using matter densities of relaxed, massive clusters of galaxies using observations from optical and X-ray wavebands. We improve upon previous work in this area by including the baryon mass…
We present the analysis of baryonic and non-baryonic matter distribution in a sample of ten nearby clusters ($0.03<z<0.09$) with temperatures between 4.7 and 9.4 keV. These galaxy clusters have been studied in detail using X-ray data and…
Most of the baryons in the Universe are thought to be contained within filaments of galaxies, but as yet, no single study has published the observed properties of a large sample of known filaments to determine typical physical…
The soft X-ray background shows a general enhancement toward the inner region of the Galaxy. But whether this enhancement is a local feature (e.g., a superbubble within a distance of <= 200 pc) and/or a phenomenon related to energetic…
There is a long-standing discrepancy between galaxy cluster masses determined from X-ray and gravitational lensing observations of which Abell 1689 is a well-studied example. In this work we take advantage of 180 ks of Chandra X-ray…
Using the X-ray data from \ASCA, spectral and spatial properties of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) of the cD cluster Abell 1795 are studied, up to a radial distance of $\sim 12'$ ($\sim 1.3$ $h_{50}^{-1}$ kpc). The ICM temperature and…
Emission lines in X-ray spectra of clusters of galaxies reveal the presence of heavy elements in the diffuse hot plasma (the Intra Cluster Medium, or ICM) in virial equilibrium in the dark matter potential well. The relatively simple…
We present spatially-resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the luminous lensing cluster Abell 2390, using observations made with the Chandra observatory. The temperature of the X-ray gas is shown to rise with increasing radius within the central…
We observed MS 1054-0321, the highest redshift cluster of galaxies in the Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS), with the Chandra ACIS-S detector. We find the X-ray temperature of the cluster to be 10.4^{+1.7}_{-1.5} keV, slightly lower…