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Related papers: Stellar Abundances in the Early Galaxy and Two r-P…

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Understanding the abundance pattern of metal-poor stars and the production of heavy elements through various nucleosynthesis processes offers crucial insights into the chemical evolution of the Milky Way, revealing primary sites and major…

Neutron star mergers (NSMs) produce copious amounts of heavy r-process elements after a time delayed inspiral process. Once NSMs are present in a galaxy, r-process elements, such as Eu, are expected to significantly increase with time. Yet,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-04-17 Xiaowei Ou , Alexander P. Ji , Anna Frebel , Rohan P. Naidu , Guilherme Limberg

We develop a new method to account for the finite lifetimes of stars and trace individual abundances within a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. At variance with previous methods, based on the storage of the (binned) past star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Gabriella De Lucia , Luca Tornatore , Carlos S. Frenk , Amina Helmi , Julio F. Navarro , Simon D. M. White

As part of the ongoing work of the $R$-Process Alliance (RPA), detailed abundance measurements of 29 heavy elements in three metal-poor stars, 2MASS J14592981$-$3852558, 2MASS J19445483$-$4039459, and 2MASS J15211026$-$0607566, are…

A brief overview of the r-process is given with an emphasis on the observational implications for this process. The conditions required for the major production of the heavy r-process elements (r-elements) with mass numbers A >130 are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-09-18 Yong-Zhong Qian

Recent improvements in stellar models for intermediate-mass and massive stars are recalled, together with their expectations for the synthesis of radioactive nuclei of lifetime $\tau \lesssim 25$ Myr, in order to re-examine the origins of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-21 D. Vescovi , M. Busso , S. Palmerini , O. Trippella , S. Cristallo , L. Piersanti , A. Chieffi , M. Limongi , P. Hoppe , K. -L. Kratz

We measured new abundances of so-called light neutron-capture of first peak elements using local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) 1D analysis; this analysis resulted in a sample of 11 very metal-poor stars, from [Fe/H]=-2.5 to [Fe/H]=-3.4,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 François Spite , Monique Spite , Beatriz Barbuy , Piercarlo Bonifacio , Elisabetta Caffau , Patrick François

We present the first calculations to follow the evolution of all stable isotopes (and their abundant radioactive progenitors) in a finely zoned stellar model computed from the onset of central hydrogen burning through explosion as a Type II…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Heger , R. D. Hoffman , T. Rauscher , S. E. Woosley

We report the discovery of nine metal-poor stars with high levels of r-process enhancement (+0.81<[Eu/Fe]<+1.13), including six subgiants and three stars on the red horizontal branch. We also analyze four previously-known r-process-enhanced…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Ian U. Roederer , John J. Cowan , George W. Preston , Stephen A. Shectman , Chris Sneden , Ian B. Thompson

Meteoritic abundances of r-process elements are analyzed to deduce the history of chemical enrichment by r-process from the beginning of disk formation to the present time in the solar vicinity, by combining the abundance information from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-25 Takuji Tsujimoto , Tetsuya Yokoyama , Kenji Bekki

We investigate the production sites and the enrichment history of $r$-process elements in the Galaxy, as traced by the [Eu/Fe] ratio, using the high resolution, cosmological zoom-in simulation `Eris'. At $z=0$, Eris represents a close…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-07-15 Sijing Shen , Ryan Cooke , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Piero Madau , Lucio Mayer , Javiera Guedes

There has been a persistent conundrum in attempts to model the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements by rapid neutron capture (the $r$-process). Although the location of the abundance peaks near nuclear mass numbers 130 and 195 identify an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 S. Shibagaki , T. Kajino , G. J. Mathews , S. Chiba , S. Nishimura , G. Lorusso

There have been attempts to fit the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars with supernova nucleosynthesis models for the lighter elements than Zn. On the other hand, observations have revealed that the presence of EMP stars with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 N. Izutani , H. Umeda , N. Tominaga

High-resolution, high-signal-to-noise (<S/N> = 85) spectra have been obtained for five stars -- CD-24:17504, CD-38:245, CS 22172-002, CS 22885-096, and CS 22949-037 -- having [Fe/H] < -3.5 according to previous lower S/N material. LTE…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 John E. Norris , Sean G. Ryan , Timothy C. Beers

The interstellar medium of low-metallicity systems undergoing star formation will show chemical abundance inhomogeneities due to supernova events enriching the medium on a local scale. If the star formation time-scale is shorter than the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Karlsson , B. Gustafsson

Abundances of low-metallicity stars offer a unique opportunity to understand the contribution and conditions of the different processes that synthesize heavy elements. Many old, metal-poor stars show a robust abundance pattern for elements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-01-12 C. J. Hansen , F. Montes , A. Arcones

The ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Reticulum II was enriched by a rare and prolific r-process event, such as a neutron star merger. To investigate the nature of this event, we present high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectroscopy of the brightest…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-18 Alexander P. Ji , Anna Frebel

We study the evolution of Eu and Ba abundances in local group dwarf spheroidal and ultra faint dwarf galaxies by means of detailed chemical evolution models and compare our results with new sets of homogeneous abundances. The adopted models…

GW170817 has confirmed binary neutron star mergers as one of the sites for rapid neutron capture ($r$) process. However, there are large theoretical and experimental uncertainties associated with the resulting nucleosynthesis calculations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-16 Projjwal Banerjee , Meng-Ru Wu , Jeena S. K

Aims. A sample of early B-type stars in OB associations and the field within the solar neighbourhood is studied comprehensively. Present-day abundances for the astrophysically most interesting chemical elements are derived. Methods.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-29 Maria-Fernanda Nieva , Norbert Przybilla