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Due to their late formation in cosmic history, clusters of galaxies are not fully in hydrostatic equilibrium and the gravitational pull of their mass at a given radius is expected not to be entirely balanced by the thermal gas pressure.…
Small number statistics may heavily affect the structure of the broadening function in integrated spectra of galactic globular cluster centers. As a consequence, it is a priori unknown how closely line broadening measure- ments gauge the…
It is shown that the average magnitude - redshift diagram for a magnitude-limited sample of galaxies can be effectively used for mapping galaxy velocity field. This new approach is quantitatively introduced and applied to the CfA, ESO/LV…
In the context of the CNOC1 cluster survey, redshifts were obtained for galaxies in 16 clusters. The resulting sample is ideally suited for an analysis of the internal velocity and mass distribution of clusters. Previous analyses of this…
We report radial velocities for 99 galaxies with projected positions within 30 arcmin of the center of the cluster A3733 obtained with the MEFOS multifiber spectrograph at the 3.6-m ESO telescope. These measurements are combined with 39…
We present kinematic measurements of the thick and thin disks in two edge-on galaxies. We have derived stellar rotation curves at and above the galaxies' midplanes using Ca II triplet features measured with the GMOS spectrograph on Gemini…
Transport properties, such as viscosity and thermal conduction, of the hot intergalactic plasma in clusters of galaxies, are largely unknown. While for laboratory plasmas these characteristics are derived from the gas density and…
We present kinematic measurements of thin and thick disk components in a sample of nine edge-on galaxies. We extract stellar and ionized gas rotation curves at and above the galaxies' midplanes using the Ca II triplet absorption features…
The morphological classification of galaxies provides vital physical information about the orbital motions of stars in galaxies, and correlates in interesting ways with star formation history, and other physical properties. Galaxy…
We identify low redshift clusters and groups in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and estimate their kinetic and correlation potential energies. We compare the distribution of these energies to the predictions by Yang and Saslaw (2012)…
The X-ray morphologies of clusters of galaxies display significant variations, reflecting their dynamical histories and the nonlinear dependence of X-ray emissivity on the density of the intracluster gas. Qualitative and quantitative…
We cross-match objects from several different astronomical catalogs to determine the absolute proper proper motions of stars within the 30-arcmin radius fields of 115 Milky-Way globular clusters with the accuracy of 1--2~mas/yr. The proper…
Determination of microlensing parameters in the gravitationally lensed quasar Q2237+0305 from the statistics of high magnification events will require monitoring for more than 100 years (Wambsganss, Paczynski & Schneider 1990). However we…
Galaxy peculiar velocities provide an integral source of cosmological information that can be harnessed to measure the growth rate of large scale structure and constrain possible extensions to General Relativity. In this work, we present a…
X-ray observations of galaxy clusters potentially provide powerful cosmological probes if systematics due to our incomplete knowledge of the intracluster medium (ICM) physics are understood and controlled. In this paper, we present mock…
We present the results of a spectroscopic survey of the kinematic structure of star-forming galaxies at redshift z ~ 2 - 3 using Keck/OSIRIS integral field spectroscopy. Our sample is comprised of 12 galaxies between redshifts z ~ 2.0 and…
High-accuracy astrometry permits the determination of not only stellar tangential motion, but also the component along the line-of-sight. Such non-spectroscopic (i.e. astrometric) radial velocities are independent of stellar atmospheric…
We present internal velocity dispersion determinations from high-resolution spectroscopic observations of a sample of nine globular clusters in M31. Comprehensive numerical simulations are used to show that the typical uncertainty of our…
We derive a formula for the velocity distribution of an axially symmetric galaxy where the mass density is corrected using the mass formula from special relativity. We take some reasonable test mass densities and numerically compute the…
Extremely rich populations of globular clusters, numbering ten thousand or more, surround the central giant galaxies in rich clusters. I discuss some recent spectroscopic and photometric observations of these rich globular clusters…