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We propose a novel mechanism where Primordial Black Hole (PBH) dark matter is formed much later in the history of the universe between the epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photon decoupling. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-24 Amlan Chakraborty , Prolay K Chanda , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Subinoy Das

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) have entered the forefront of theoretical cosmology, due their potential role in phenomena ranging from gravitational waves, to dark matter, to galaxy formation. While producing PBHs from inflationary…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-12 Keisuke Inomata , Evan McDonough , Wayne Hu

Cosmological first-order phase transitions (1stOPTs) are said to be strongly supercooled when the nucleation temperature is much smaller than the critical temperature. These are often encountered in theories that admit a nearly…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-05 Yann Gouttenoire , Tomer Volansky

Primordial black holes (PBHs) produced in the early Universe have attracted wide interest for their ability to constitute dark matter and explain the compact binary coalescence. We propose a new mechanism of PBH production during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-17 Jing Liu , Ligong Bian , Rong-Gen Cai , Zong-Kuan Guo , Shao-Jiang Wang

Primordial black holes (PBHs) formed during first-order phase transitions provide a powerful link between the early-universe microphysics and observable signatures today, including dark matter and gravitational waves. In this work we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-08 James B. Dent , Bhaskar Dutta , Mudit Rai

We study Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) formed by the collapse of rare primordial fluctuations during an early period of Matter Domination. The collapse threshold strongly depends on the shape of the peaks, decreasing as they become flatter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-26 Ehsan Ebrahimian , Ali Akbar Abolhasani , Mehrdad Mirbabayi

When large overdensities gravitationally collapse in the early universe, they lead to primordial black holes (PBH). Depending on the exact model of inflation leading to necessary large perturbations at scales much smaller than scales probed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-27 Sukannya Bhattacharya

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are theoretical black holes which may be formed during the radiation dominant era and, basically, caused by the gravitational collapse of radiational overdensities. It has been well known that in the context of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-26 Yuichiro Tada , Shuichiro Yokoyama

Primordial black holes could potentially form during a first-order cosmological phase transition due to a build-up of particles which are predominantly reflected from the advancing bubble walls. After discussing the general mechanism, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Michael J. Baker , Moritz Breitbach , Joachim Kopp , Lukas Mittnacht

After the end of inflation, the inflaton field oscillates around a local minimum of its potential and decays into ordinary matter. These oscillations trigger a resonant instability for cosmological perturbations with wavelengths that exit…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Jerome Martin , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Vincent Vennin

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) might have formed in the early Universe due to the collapse of density fluctuations. PBHs may act as the sources for some of the gravitational waves recently observed. We explored the formation scenarios of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-06 J. L. G. Sobrinho , P. Augusto

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early Universe, for instance during radiation domination, from the collapse of large-amplitude density perturbations shortly after horizon re-entry. This mechanism establishes an approximate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Ashu Kushwaha , Teruaki Suyama

Primordial Black Holes (PBH's) can form in the early Universe from the collapse of large density fluctuations. Tight observational limits on their abundance constrain the amplitude of the primordial fluctuations on very small scales which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-20 Christian T. Byrnes , Edmund J. Copeland , Anne M. Green

The formation of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) through the collapse of large fluctuations in the early universe is a rare event. This manifests itself, for instance, through the non-Gaussian tail of the formation probability. To compute…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 V. De Luca , A. Riotto

Primordial black holes (PBHs) could be formed if large perturbations are generated on small scales in inflation. We study a toy inflation model with a local minimum. The curvature perturbations are enhanced when the inflaton passes through…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-01 Bao-Min Gu , Fu-Wen Shu , Ke Yang , Yu-Peng Zhang

Primordial black holes (PBH) can form in the early Universe from peaks of the primordial curvature perturbations. The statistics of the peaks determines the abundance of PBHs, and is related to the amplitude of the primordial curvature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-09 Alexander Gallego Cadavid , Antonio Enea Romano

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) that form from the collapse of density perturbations are more clustered than the underlying density field. In a previous paper, we showed the constraints that this has on the prospects of PBH dark matter. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 James R. Chisholm

We investigate the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) through delayed vacuum decay during slow cosmic first-order phase transitions. Two specific models, the polynomial potential and the real singlet extension of the Standard Model,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-22 Shinya Kanemura , Masanori Tanaka , Ke-Pan Xie

Primordial black holes (PBHs) form from large-amplitude initial density fluctuations and may comprise some or all of the dark matter. If PBHs have a broadly extended mass spectrum, or in mixed PBH-particle dark matter scenarios, the extreme…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-29 M. Sten Delos , Joseph Silk

Primordial black holes (PBHs) formed from the collapse of density fluctuations provide a unique window into the physics of the early Universe. Their evaporation through Hawking radiation around the epoch of Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-07 Quan-feng Wu , Xun-Jie Xu