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Complicated hardenings and softenings of the spectra of cosmic ray protons and helium have been revealed by the newest measurements, which indicate the existence of multiple source populations of Galactic cosmic rays. We study the physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-28 Qiang Yuan

The GALPROP model for cosmic-ray propagation is able to make explicit predictions for the distribution of galactic diffuse gamma-rays. We compare different propagation models with gamma-ray spectra measured by EGRET for various regions of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Andrew W. Strong , Igor V. Moskalenko , Olaf Reimer

The total luminosity and spectral shape of the non-thermal emission produced by cosmic rays depends on their interstellar environment, a dependence that gives rise to correlations between galaxies' bulk properties -- star formation rate,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-31 Matt A. Roth , Mark R. Krumholz , Roland M. Crocker , Todd A. Thompson

The interaction of cosmic rays with the gas contained in our Galaxy is a guaranteed source of diffuse high energy neutrinos. We provide expectations for this component by considering different assumptions for the cosmic ray distribution in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-09 G. Pagliaroli , C. Evoli , F. L. Villante

We take a fresh look at high energy radioactive nuclei data reported in the 90's and at the positron data recently reported by PAMELA. Our aim is to study the model independent implications of these data for the propagation time scales of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Kfir Blum

Continuum gamma-ray emission produced by interactions of cosmic rays with interstellar matter and radiation fields is a probe of non-thermal particle populations in galaxies. After decades of continuous improvements in experimental…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-12 Luigi Tibaldo , Daniele Gaggero , Pierrick Martin

Cosmic-ray (CR) leptons produce radio synchrotron radiation by gyrating in interstellar magnetic fields (B-field). Details of B-fields, CR electron distributions and propagation are still uncertain. We present developments in our modelling…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-11-22 Elena Orlando , Andrew Strong

The diffusive paradigm for the transport of Galactic cosmic rays is central to our understanding of the origin of these high energy particles. However, it is worth recalling that the normalization, energy dependence, and spatial extent of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-11 Carmelo Evoli , Pasquale Blasi , Giovanni Morlino , Roberto Aloisio

Positron and electron cosmic rays provide a complementary way to study the galactic environment. The actual cosmic rays experiments, for instance PAMELA and HEAT, have presented very exciting results in this field. The observed positron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-04 Roberto A. Lineros

A fundamental problem of cosmic ray (CR) physics is the determination of the average properties of Galactic CRs outside the Solar system. Starting from COS-B data in the 1980's, gamma-ray observations of molecular clouds in the Gould Belt…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 M. Kachelriess , S. Ostapchenko

Recently AMS-02 collaboration publish their measurements of light cosmic-ray nuclei, including lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon and oxygen. All of them reveal a prominent excess above $\sim$ 200 GV, coinciding with proton and helium.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-09 Wei Liu , Yu-hua Yao , Yi-Qing Guo

We extend previous work modeling the Galactic magnetic field in the plane using synchrotron emission in total and polarised intensity. In this work, we include a more realistic treatment of the cosmic-ray electrons using the GALPROP…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-14 T. R. Jaffe , A. J. Banday , J. P. Leahy , S. Leach , A. W. Strong

High-energy gamma rays of interstellar origin are produced by the interaction of cosmic-ray (CR) particles with the diffuse gas and radiation fields in the Galaxy. The main features of this emission are well understood and are reproduced by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Troy A. Porter , Gudlaugur Johannesson , Igor V. Moskalenko

Determining the spatial distribution of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) is fundamental to understand how these particles propagate in interstellar space and to infer their source spectra. The most sensitive method of studying this problem is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-26 Paolo Lipari , Silvia Vernetto

The study of Galactic diffuse $\gamma$ radiation combined with the knowledge of the distribution of the molecular hydrogen in the Galaxy offers a unique tool to probe the cosmic ray flux in the Galaxy. A methodology to study the level of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Casanova , S. Gabici , F. A. Aharonian , K. Torii , Y. Fukui , T. Onishi , H. Yamamoto , A. Kawamura

Cosmic ray nuclei, cosmic ray electrons with energy above a few GeV, and the diffuse gamma-ray background radiation (GBR) above a few MeV, presumed to be extragalactic, could all have their origin or residence in our galaxy and its halo.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arnon Dar , A. De Rújula , Nikos Antoniou

It is likely that ultra-high energy cosmic rays contain a significant component of heavy or intermediate mass nuclei. The propagation of ultra-high energy nuclei through cosmic radiation backgrounds is more complicated than that of protons…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Dan Hooper , Subir Sarkar , Andrew M. Taylor

We study the inverse Compton scattering of solar photons by Galactic cosmic-ray electrons. We show that the gamma-ray emission from this process is substantial with the maximum flux in the direction of the Sun; the angular distribution of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Igor V. Moskalenko , Troy A. Porter , Seth W. Digel

High energy cosmic ray electrons and positrons, during propagation in the Galaxy, mainly lose energy through either the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) off of the interstellar radiation field (ISRF) or emitting synchrotron radiation in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-13 Maryam Tavakoli

We use our numerical code, DRAGON, to study the implications of recent data on our knowledge of the propagation properties of cosmic ray nuclei in the Galaxy. We show that B/C (as well as N/O and C/O) data, including those recently taken by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 Giuseppe Di Bernardo , Carmelo Evoli , Daniele Gaggero , Dario Grasso , Luca Maccione