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In this article we consider the formation and evolution of black holes, especially those in binary stars where radiation from the matter falling on them can be seen. We consider a number of effects introduced by some of us, which are not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. E. Brown , C. -H. Lee , R. A. M. J. Wijers , H. A. Bethe

Accretion onto supermassive black holes produces both the dramatic phenomena associated with active galactic nuclei and the underwhelming displays seen in the Galactic Center and most other nearby galaxies. I review selected aspects of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Philip J. Armitage

In this study, we present a detailed, statistical analysis of black hole growth and the evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations run down to $z=0$. The simulations self-consistently follow…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Michaela Hirschmann , Klaus Dolag , Alexandro Saro , Lisa Karin Bachmann , Stefano Borgani , Andreas Burkert

The radiation from the central regions of active galactic nuclei, including that from the accretion disk surrounding the black hole, is likely to peak in the extreme ultraviolet $\sim 13 -100$ eV. However, due to Galactic absorption, we are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-12-31 Susmita Chakravorty , Ranjeev Misra , Martin Elvis , Ajit K. Kembhavi , Gary Ferland

Supermassive black holes (BH) are powerful sources of energy that are already in place at very early epochs of the Universe (by z=6). Using hydrodynamical simulations of the formation of a massive M_vir=5 10^11 M_sun halo by z=6 (the most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Yohan Dubois , Christophe Pichon , Julien Devriendt , Joseph Silk , Martin Haehnelt , Taysun Kimm , Adrianne Slyz

The co-evolution between supermassive black holes and their environment is most directly traced by the hot atmospheres of dark matter halos. Cooling of the hot atmosphere supplies the central regions with fresh gas, igniting active galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-06-29 Dominique Eckert , Massimo Gaspari , Fabio Gastaldello , Amandine M. C. Le Brun , Ewan O'Sullivan

Supermassive Black Holes grow at the center of galaxies in consonance with them. In this review we discuss the mass feeding mechanisms that lead to this growth in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), focusing on constraints derived from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-09 Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann , Allan Schnorr-Müller

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) have been found to be ubiquitous in the nuclei of early-type galaxies and of bulges of spirals. There are evidences of a tight correlation between the SMBH masses, the velocity dispersions of stars in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-23 Gianfranco De Zotti

We suggest that most nearby active galactic nuclei are fed by a series of small--scale, randomly--oriented accretion events. Outside a certain radius these events promote rapid star formation, while within it they fuel the supermassive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. R. King , J. E. Pringle

The brightest steady sources of radiation in the universe, active galactic nuclei (AGN), are powered by gas accretion onto a central supermassive black hole (SMBH). The large sizes and accretion rates implicated in AGN accretion disks are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-17 Marguerite Epstein-Martin , Hiromichi Tagawa , Zoltan Haiman , Rosalba Perna

We compare the evolution with cosmic time of the star-formation rate per comoving volume in galaxies and of the volume emissivity by Active Galactic Nuclei, as a clue to understand the relationship between black hole accretion and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alberto Franceschini , Guenther Hasinger , Takamitsu Miyaji , Diego Malquori

Here we investigate the connection of broad emission line shapes and continuum light curve variability time scales of type-1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). We developed a new model to describe optical broad emission lines as an accretion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-05-21 E. Bon , P. Jovanovic , P. Marziani , N. Bon , A. Otasevic

The correlation between the mass of supermassive black holes in galaxy nuclei and the mass of the galaxy spheroids or bulges (or more precisely their central velocity dispersion), suggests a common formation scenario for galaxies and their…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Francoise Combes

From a parent catalog of 561 changing-look active galactic nuclei (CL-AGNs) identified by Guo et al. (2025), we investigate the evolutionary sequence of broad emission lines using a redshift-selected subset (0.35 < z < 0.45) of 54 CL-AGNs…

We present line and continuum measurements for 9818 SDSS type-I active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with z le 0.75. The data are used to study the four dimensional space of black hole mass, normalized accretion rate (Ledd), metalicity and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Hagai Netzer , Benny Trakhtenbrot

The hypothesis that classical scalar fields could constitute dark matter on galactic and cosmic scales has garnered significant interest. In scenarios where supermassive black holes (SMBHs) form through the accretion of matter onto black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-31 J. C. Acevedo-Muñoz , F. D. Lora-Clavijo , A. Cruz-Osorio

Observing programs comprising multiple scientific objectives will enhance the productivity of NASA's next UV/Visible mission. Studying active galactic nuclei (AGN) is intrinsically important for understanding how black holes accrete matter,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-17 Gerard Kriss , Nahum Arav , Anton Koekemoer , Smita Mathur , Bradley M. Peterson , Jennifer E. Scott

[Abriged] Supermassive black holes (SMBH) lurk in the nuclei of most massive galaxies, perhaps in all of them. The tight observed scaling relations between SMBH masses and structural properties of their host spheroids likely indicate that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Andrea Merloni , Sebastian Heinz

I consider how physical processes scale over eight orders of magnitude in black hole mass, from stellar masses in gamma-ray bursts (GRB) and black-hole X-ray binaries (BHXRB) to supermassive active galactic nuclei (AGN). Accretion rates…

Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-27 J. I. Katz

We present a simple semi-numerical model designed to explore black hole growth and galaxy evolution. This method builds on a previous model for black hole accretion that uses a semi-numerical galaxy formation model and universal Eddington…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-04 Mackenzie L. Jones , R. C. Hickox , S. J. Mutch , D. J. Croton , A. F. Ptak , M. A. DiPompeo