Related papers: Dust Versus Cosmic Acceleration
Starbursts are important because they can serve as local analogs of the processes that were important in the origin and early evolution of galaxies and in the heating and chemical enrichment of the inter-galactic medium. They may also play…
The high-redshift (z>2) galaxies discovered over the last few years with the Lyman-break technique represent, in number density, a major fraction of the galaxies known in the Local Universe. Thus, understanding the properties and the nature…
Under the assumption that they are standard(isable) candles, the lightcurves of Type Ia supernovae have been analyzed in the framework of the standard Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker cosmology to conclude that the expansion rate of…
This is a summary of arguments in favor of observing high-redshift star formation in the UV as presented at the Ringberg meeting in September 2000. The most rapidly star-forming galaxies are very dusty, easier to detect at 850um than in the…
Do spatial distributions of dust grains in galaxies have typical forms, as do spatial distributions of stars? We investigate whether or not the distributions resemble uniform foreground screens, as commonly assumed by the high-redshift…
Rest-frame far-ultraviolet (FUV) luminosities form the `backbone' of our understanding of star formation at all cosmic epochs. FUV luminosities are typically corrected for dust by assuming that extinction indicators which have been…
In this contribution I summarize our current knowledge of the nature and significance of starburst-driven galactic superwinds. These flows are driven primarily by the kinetic energy supplied by supernovae. Superwinds are complex, multiphase…
We review the use of Type Ia supernovae for cosmological distance determinations. Low-redshift SNe Ia ($z \lesssim 0.1$) demonstrate that (a) the Hubble expansion is linear, (b) $H_0 = 65 \pm 2$ (statistical) km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$, (c) the…
Winds arising from galaxies, star clusters, and active galactic nuclei are crucial players in star and galaxy formation, but it has proven remarkably difficult to use observations of them to determine physical properties of interest,…
We present mid-infrared Spitzer Space Telescope observations of a complete sample of star-forming dwarf galaxies selected from the KPNO International Spectroscopic Survey. The galaxies span a wide range in mid-infrared properties. Contrary…
An explanation is given of the low value of $R_\lambda \equiv A_\lambda/E(B-V) $, the ratio of absolute to selective extinction deduced from Type Ia supernova observations. The idea involves scattering by dust clouds located in the…
Using star-forming galaxies sample in the nearby Universe (0.02<z<0.10) selected from the SDSS (DR7) and GALEX all-sky survey (GR5), we present a new empirical calibration for predicting dust extinction of galaxies from H-alpha-to-FUV flux…
We model the interstellar dust content of the reionization era with a suite of cosmological, fluid-dynamical simulations of galaxies with stellar masses ranging from $\sim 10^5 - 10^9 M_{\odot}$ in the first $1.2$ billion years of the…
Dark matter in the Universe consisting of macroscopic objects such as primordial black holes may cause gravitational lensing of distant objects. The magnification associated with lensing will lead to additional scatter in the received flux…
Equations of cosmic dynamics for a model of the opaque Universe are derived and tested on supernovae (SNe) Ia observations. The model predicts a cyclic expansion/contraction evolution of the Universe within a limited range of scale factors.…
We study the dust content of galaxies from $z=0$ to $z=9$ in semi-analytic models of galaxy formation that include new recipes to track the production and destruction of dust. We include condensation of dust in stellar ejecta, the growth of…
Using NOEMA and ALMA 3mm line scans, we measure spectroscopic redshifts of six new dusty galaxies at 3.5<z<4.2 by solidly detecting [CI](1-0) and CO transitions. The sample was selected from the COSMOS and GOODS-North super-deblended…
In the past decade, our understanding of galaxy evolution has been revolutionized by the discovery that luminous, dusty, starburst galaxies were 1,000 times more abundant in the early Universe than at present. It has, however, been…
Dusty galaxies with luminosities in excess of 10^11 solar luminosities have been detected out to redshifts of about unity by the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), and to higher redshifts using millimetre(mm)- and submm-wave cameras on…
Because of their brightness, gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows are viable targets for investigating the dust content in their host galaxies. Simple intrinsic spectral shapes of GRB afterglows allow us to derive the dust extinction. Recently,…