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This paper studies random fields on the unit sphere. Traditionally, isotropic Gaussian random fields are considered as the underlying statistical model of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. This paper discusses the generalized…

General Physics · Physics 2021-04-30 Phil Broadbridge , Ravindi Nanayakkara , Andriy Olenko

Cosmic microwave background polarization encodes information not only on the early universe but also dark energy, neutrino mass, and gravity in the late universe through CMB lensing. Ground based surveys such as ACTpol, PolarBear, SPTpol…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-10-02 Sudeep Das , Eric V. Linder

Forthcoming cosmic microwave background experiments (CMB) will provide precise new tests of structure-formation theories. The geometry of the Universe may be determined robustly, and the classical cosmological parameters, such as the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marc Kamionkowski

Much interest has been generated recently by the ongoing MACHO, EROS and OGLE projects to identify gravitationally lensed stars from the Large Magellanic Cloud and Galactic bulge, and the positive identification of several events (Alcock et…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. F. L. Simmons , J. P. Willis , A. Newsam

This paper discusses the science case for a sensitive spectro-polarimetric survey of the microwave sky. Such a survey would provide a tomographic and dynamic census of the three-dimensional distribution of hot gas, velocity flows, early…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-09 Jacques Delabrouille , Maximilian H. Abitbol , Nabila Aghanim , Yacine Ali-Haimoud , David Alonso , Marcelo Alvarez , Anthony J. Banday , James G. Bartlett , Jochem Baselmans , Kaustuv Basu , Nicholas Battaglia , Jose Ramon Bermejo Climent , Jose L. Bernal , Matthieu Béthermin , Boris Bolliet , Matteo Bonato , François R. Bouchet , Patrick C. Breysse , Carlo Burigana , Zhen-Yi Cai , Jens Chluba , Eugene Churazov , Helmut Dannerbauer , Paolo De Bernardis , Gianfranco De Zotti , Eleonora Di Valentino , Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni , Akira Endo , Jens Erler , Simone Ferraro , Fabio Finelli , Dale Fixsen , Shaul Hanany , Luke Hart , Carlos Hernandez-Monteagudo , J. Colin Hill , Selim C. Hotinli , Kenichi Karatsu , Kirit Karkare , Garrett K. Keating , Ildar Khabibullin , Alan Kogut , Kazunori Kohri , Ely D. Kovetz , Guilaine Lagache , Julien Lesgourgues , Mathew Madhavacheril , Bruno Maffei , Nazzareno Mandolesi , Carlos Martins , Silvia Masi , John Mather , Jean-Baptiste Melin , Azadeh Moradinezhad Dizgah , Tony Mroczkowski , Suvodip Mukherjee , Daisuke Nagai , Mattia Negrello , Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille , Daniela Paoletti , Subodh P. Patil , Francesco Piacentini , Srinivasan Raghunathan , Andrea Ravenni , Mathieu Remazeilles , Vincent Revéret , Louis Rodriguez , Aditya Rotti , Jose-Alberto Rubino Martin , Jack Sayers , Douglas Scott , Joseph Silk , Marta Silva , Tarun Souradeep , Naonori Sugiyama , Rashid Sunyaev , Eric R. Switzer , Andrea Tartari , Tiziana Trombetti , Inigo Zubeldia

We consider several factors concerning the design of observing strategies in Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy experiments. First we consider the number of independent points on the sky one should observe given a fixed observing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. K. Schaefer , L. Piccirillo

I describe briefly the Cosmic Microwave Background (hereafter CMB) physics which explains why high accuracy observations of its spatial structure are a unique observational tool both for the determination of the global cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Francois R. Bouchet

In addition to its spectrum and temperature anisotropy, the 2.7K Cosmic Microwave Background is also expected to exhibit a low level of polarization. The spatial power spectrum of the polarization can provide details about the formation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Brian Keating , Peter Timbie , Alexander Polnarev , Julia Steinberger

This white paper addresses key challenges for the design of next-decade Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments, and for assessing their capability to extract cosmological information from CMB polarization. We focus here on the…

Much recent work on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) has focussed on the angular power spectrum of temperature anisotropies and particularly on the recovery of cosmological parameters from acoustic peaks in the power spectrum. However,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marc Kamionkowski

We derive updated Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) constraints on annihilating dark matter, and present forecasts for upcoming CMB surveys. We show that the addition of recent temperature, polarization, and lensing data from ground-based…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-12 Charlotte Myers , Dominic Agius , Daniele Gaggero , Angelo Ricciardone

The B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides a unique window into tensor perturbations from inflationary gravitational waves. Survey effects complicate the estimation and description of the power spectrum on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-28 Eric R. Switzer , Duncan J. Watts

The statistical properties of the temperature anisotropies and polarization of the of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation offer a powerful probe of the physics of the early universe. In recent works a statistical procedure based…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-15 M. J. Reboucas , A. Bernui

One of the main goals of modern cosmic microwave background (CMB) missions is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ accurately to constrain inflation models. Due to ignorance about the reionization history $X_{e}(z)$, this analysis is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-03 King Lau , Jiayu Tang , M. -C. Chu

These lecture from the 100th Les Houches summer school on "Post-planck cosmology" of July 2013 discuss some aspects of the Planck mission, whose prime objective was a very accurate measurement of the temperature anisotropies of the Cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 François R. Bouchet

Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation provide a unique opportunity for a direct study of the primordial cosmic plasma at redshift z ~1000. The angular power spectra of temperature and polarisation fluctuations are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marco Bersanelli , Davide Maino , Aniello Mennella

The polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is encoded with exactly the same cosmic information as the CMB's temperature anistropy. However, polarization has the additional promise of accurately probing the reionization…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Brian Keating , Nathan Miller

The anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background are a gold mine for cosmology and fundamental physics. ESA's Planck satellite should soon extract all information from the temperature vein but will be limited concerning the measurement…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. R. Bouchet , A. Benoit , Ph. Camus , F. X. Desert , M. Piat , N. Ponthieu

Separation of the E and B components of a microwave background polarization map or a weak lensing map is an essential step in extracting science from it, but when the map covers only part of the sky and/or is pixelized, this decomposition…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-07 Emory F. Bunn , Matias Zaldarriaga , Max Tegmark , Angelica de Oliveira-Costa