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Related papers: Neutrino Capture and r-Process Nucleosynthesis

200 papers

We review recent work examining the influence of fission in rapid neutron capture ($r$-process) nucleosynthesis which can take place in astrophysical environments. We briefly discuss the impact of uncertain fission barriers and fission…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-06-22 Nicole Vassh , Matthew R. Mumpower , Trevor M. Sprouse , Rebecca Surman , Ramona Vogt

The neutron capture process plays a vital role in creating the heavy elements in the universe. Astrophysical environments involved in these processes are characterized by two distinct reaction mechanisms: the slow and rapid neutron capture…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-05-25 N. Lightfoot , A. Diaz-Torres , P. Stevenson

To date, detailed core-collapse supernova simulations have not succeeded in elucidating the explosion mechanism. But whatever the mechanism turns out to be, there will be a neutrino-heated outflow between the hot, newly-born neutron star…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Christian Y. Cardall

Nuclear $\beta$ decay is a key element of the astrophysical rapid neutron capture process ($r$-process). In this paper, we present state-of-the-art global $\beta$-decay calculations based on the quantified relativistic nuclear energy…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-11-20 A. Ravlić , Y. Saito , W. Nazarewicz

All the current r-process scenarios relevant to core-collapse supernovae are facing severe difficulties. In particular, recent core-collapse simulations with neutrino transport show no sign of a neutron-rich wind from the proto-neutron…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Shinya Wanajo , Hans-Thomas Janka

The treatment of nuclear effects in neutrino-nucleus interactions is one of the main sources of systematic uncertainty for the analysis and interpretation of data of neutrino oscillation experiments. Neutrinos interact with nuclei via…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-01-29 Carlotta Giusti , Martin V. Ivanov

We investigate the possibility of the r-process during the magnetohydrohynamical explosion of supernova in a massive star of 13 solar mass with the effects of neutrinos induced. We adopt five kinds of initial models which include properties…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-04-10 Motoaki Saruwatari , Masa-aki Hashimoto , Kei Kotake , Shoichi Yamada

The hydrogen-rich accreted envelopes of neutron stars in binary systems are the site for the rapid proton capture nucleosynthethic process (rp-process), which involves nuclei close to the proton dripline. An overview of the relevant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Rauscher , F. Rembges , H. Schatz , M. Wiescher , F. -K. Thielemann

One of the outstanding unsolved riddles of nuclear astrophysics is the origin of the so called ``p-process'' nuclei from A = 92 to 126. Both the lighter and heavier p-process nuclei are adequately produced in the neon and oxygen shells of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Pruet , R. D. Hoffman , S. E. Woosley , H. -T. Janka , R. Buras

A protoneutron star produced in a core-collapse supernova (CCSN) drives a wind by its intense neutrino emission. We implement active-sterile neutrino oscillations in a steady-state model of this neutrino-driven wind to study their effects…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-28 Zewei Xiong , Meng-Ru Wu , Yong-Zhong Qian

The type II supernova is considered as a candidate site for the production of heavy elements. Since the supernova produces an intense neutrino flux, neutrino scattering processes will impact element formation. We examine active-sterile…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 G. C. McLaughlin

Abundance observations indicate the presence of often surprisingly large amounts of neutron capture (i.e., s- and r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations provide insight into the nature of the…

The astrophysical origin of elements synthesized through the rapid neutron capture process ($r-$process) is a long standing mystery. The hot and dense environments of core-collapse supernovae have been suggested as potential $r-$process…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-03 Tejas Prasanna , Matthew S. B. Coleman , Todd A. Thompson , Brian D. Metzger , Anirudh Patel , Bradley S. Meyer

This review of the rapid-neutron-capture (i.e. r-) process starts with determining the Solar System r-abundance pattern via first obtaining (and subtracting) the contribution from the slow-neutron capture (s-) process. We emphasize the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-05 Friedrich-Karl Thielemann , John J. Cowan

Our understanding of the origin of heavy elements beyond iron relies on the rapid neutron capture process (r-process), which accounts for roughly half of their cosmic abundance. However, the extreme neutron-rich conditions required for the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-25 Jan Kuske , Takayuki Miyagi , Almudena Arcones , Achim Schwenk

We study the sensitivity of the r-process abundance pattern to neutron capture rates along the rare earth region (A~150 to A~180). We introduce the concepts of large nuclear flow and flow saturation which determine the neutron capture rates…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 M. R. Mumpower , G. C. McLaughlin , R. A. Surman

Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations demonstrate that the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 J. J. Cowan , C. Sneden , J. W. Truran

Here I review some nuclear physics aspects of core-collapse supernovae concerning neutrinos. Studies of neutrino emission and interactions in supernovae are crucial to our understanding of the explosion mechanism, the heavy element…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yong-Zhong Qian

Solving Newtonian steady-state wind equations with accurate weak interaction rates and magnetic fields (MFs) of young neutron stars considered, we study the dynamics and nucleosynthesis of neutrino-driven winds (NDWs) from proto neutron…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Men-Quan Liu , Zhong-Xiang Wang

We assess the prospects for attaining steady nuclear flow equilibrium in expanding r-process environments where beta decay and/or neutrino capture determine the nuclear charge-changing rates. For very rapid expansions, we find that weak…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 G. C. McLaughlin , G. M. Fuller