Related papers: Cerenkov Photon Density Fluctuations in Extensive …
CoREAS is a Monte Carlo simulation code for the calculation of radio emission from extensive air showers. It is based on the "endpoint formalism" for radiation from moving charges implemented directly in CORSIKA. Consequently, the full…
Properties of random and fluctuating systems are often studied through the use of Gaussian distributions. However, in a number of situations, rare events have drastic consequences, which can not be explained by Gaussian statistics.…
The properties of cosmic rays with energies above 1PeV have to be deduced from the spacetime structure and particle content of the air showers which they initiate. In this review, a summary of the phenomenology of these giant air showers is…
In this paper we study, using Monte Carlo simulations, the possibility to discriminate the mass of the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) by combining information obtained from the maximum $X_{max}^{\mu}$ of the muon production rate…
Along the years HiRes and AGASA experiments have explored the fluorescence and the ground array experimental techniques to measure extensive air showers, being both essential to investigate the ultra-high energy cosmic rays. However, such…
Next-generation air-shower detectors, such as the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) and the Probing Extreme PeVatron Sources (PEPS) experiment, are considering water-Cherenkov detectors as a base design. A key factor in improving the…
At ultra-high energies, the flux of cosmic rays is too low for direct measurements to be meaningful. When a cosmic ray enters the atmosphere, it initiates an extensive air shower, producing a cascade of secondary particles that propagate…
So far, cosmic ray air showers have been detected using scintillation counter arrays on the ground widely. And also air Cherenkov detection method, which is limited its observation period in moonless nights, has been adopted. The detection…
We present results of horizontal EAS simulations focused on the opportunity of measuring Cherenkov light from air showers at stratospheric balloon altitude (eg. EUSO-SPB2). For a 1 m2 UV light detector at a 38 km altitude, the largest…
Experiment on the study of fluctuation of night glow is conducted on the base of 13 module atmospheric Cherenkov telescope TUNKA-13.Basic task of TUNKA-13 is registration of light from Extended Air Shower (EAS) initiated by primary cosmic…
Atmospheric muons are one of the main backgrounds for current Water- and Ice-Cherenkov neutrino telescopes designed to detect astrophysical neutrinos. The inclusive fluxes of atmospheric muons and neutrinos from hadronic interactions of…
We consider the possibility that the ultra-high-energy cosmic ray flux has a small component of exotic particles which create showers much deeper in the atmosphere than ordinary hadronic primaries. It is shown that applying the conventional…
In this report we review the important progress made in recent years towards understanding the experimental data on ultra-high-energy ($E \gtrsim 10^9$ GeV) cosmic rays. We begin with a general survey of the available data, including a…
We present a new design for the water Cherenkov detectors that are in use in various cosmic ray observatories. This novel design can provide a significant improvement in the independent measurement of the muonic and electromagnetic…
The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has three sub-arrays, KM2A, WCDA and WFCTA. The flux variations of cosmic ray air showers were studied by analyzing the KM2A data during the thunderstorm on 10 June 2021. The number of…
Ground-based Imaging Cherenkov Telescope Arrays observe the Cherenkov radiation emitted in extended atmospheric showers generated by cosmic gamma rays in the TeV regime. The rate of these events is normally overwhelmed by 2-3 orders of…
A key step towards the understanding of the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is their mass composition. Primary photons and neutrinos produce markedly different showers from nuclei, while showers of different nuclear species are not…
We present an approximation for the numerical calculation of Cherenkov radio pulses in the Fraunhofer limit from very high energy showers in dense media. We compare it to full Montecarlo simulations in ice studying its range of…
High-energy cosmic rays passing through the Earth's atmosphere produce extensive showers whose charges emit radio frequency pulses. Despite the low density of the Earth's atmosphere, this emission should be affected by the air refractive…
Fluctuations in the brightness of the background radiation can lead to confusion with real point sources. Such background emission confusion will be important for infrared observations with relatively large beam sizes since the amount of…