Related papers: X-ray Clusters at High Redshift
Clusters of galaxies at high redshift (z>1) are vitally important to understand the evolution of the large scale structure of the Universe, the processes shaping galaxy populations and the cycle of the cosmic baryons, and to constrain…
Recent observations show a large concentration of galaxies at high redshift. At first sight strong clustering of galaxies at high redshifts seems to be in contradiction with the models of structure formation. In this paper we show that such…
We describe the ensemble X-ray properties of high redshift clusters with emphasis on changes with respect to the local population. Cluster X-ray luminosity evolution is detected in five nearly independent surveys. The relevant issue now is…
Galaxy clusters are the largest structures in Universe. They are very important as both cosmological probes and astrophysical laboratories. Several methods have been developed to detect galaxy clusters with different techniques (optical,…
I review recent observational progress in the search for and study of distant galaxy clusters in the X-ray band, with particular emphasis on the evolution of the abundance of X-ray clusters out to z~1. Several on-going deep X-ray surveys…
Clusters of galaxies are the largest gravitationally bound systems and therefore provide an important way of studying the formation and evolution of the large scale structure of the Universe. Cluster evolution can be inferred from…
X-ray clusters are powerful tools for the determination of cosmological parameters. More specifically, the combined knowledge of the redshift distribution of X-ray clusters together with the luminosity-temperature correlation, $L_X-T_X$…
Clusters of galaxies are the most massive objects in the Universe and precise knowledge of their mass structure is important to understand the history of structure formation and constrain still unknown types of dark contents of the…
High-redshift clusters of galaxies are amongst the largest cosmic structures. Their properties and evolution are key ingredients to our understanding of cosmology: to study the growth of structure from the inhomogeneities of the cosmic…
High redshift (z >~ 1) clusters are ideal probes to study the formation and evolution of large scale structures and galaxies in the universe. A 10-m class ground based telescope, X-ray observatories (Chandra, XMM-Newton) and HST/ACS are…
(Abridged) Distant galaxy clusters provide important tests of the growth of large scale structure in addition to highlighting the process of galaxy evolution in a consistently defined environment at large look back time. We present a sample…
Distant clusters of galaxies provide a powerful method to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, and large scale structure of the Universe. However, the number of known clusters at high redshift (z> 0.5) is still very reduced. As a…
X-ray observations of clusters at different redshifts are presented and compared. For the nearest cluster -- the Virgo cluster -- we show a comparison of the galaxy distribution and the distribution of the intra-cluster gas. Although the…
This paper reviews the current status of measurements of galaxy clustering at high redshifts (z > 0.3). The focus is on the inherent limitations in the observation and interpretation of the ``evolution of clustering''. It is likely that…
This Meeting featured the recent advancements in our understanding of galaxy clusters and the distant Universe, achieved by the past and new generation of X-ray satellites. I summarize here the main themes that have been discussed: (a)…
Quasars at large redshifts provide a powerful probe of structure formation in the early universe. Several arguments suggest that the formation of ellipticals and massive bulges may have involved an early quasar phase. At very large…
Globular clusters will be present at high redshifts, near the very beginning of the galaxy formation process. Stellar evolution ensures that they will be much more luminous than today. We show that the redshift distribution at nano-Jansky…
The selection of clusters of galaxies through their X-ray emission has proved to be an extremely powerful technique over the past four decades. The growth of X-ray astronomy has provided the community with a steadily more detailed view of…
I review recent progress in the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe through the distribution of clusters of galaxies, concentrating on new results using X-ray selected samples. After discussing the importance of understanding…
Clusters of galaxies are large gravitationally bound systems which consist of several observable components: hundreds of galaxies, hot gas between the galaxies and sometimes relativistic particles. These components are emitting in different…