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We account for particle emission and gravitational radiation from cosmic string loops to determine their effect on the loop distribution and observational signatures of strings. The effect of particle emission is that the number density of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-15 P. Auclair , D. A. Steer , T. Vachaspati

Recent Planck results have shown that radiation from the cosmic microwave background passes through foregrounds in which aligned dust grains produce polarized dust emission, even in regions of the sky with the lowest level of dust emission.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-21 Konstantinos Tassis , Vasiliki Pavlidou

An analytical function for the spectrum of spinning dust emission is presented. It is derived through the application of careful approximations, with each step tested against numerical calculations. This approach ensures accuracy while…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Matthew Stevenson

WMAP data when combined with ancillary data on free-free, synchrotron and dust allow an improved understanding of the spectrum of emission from each of these components. Here we examine the sky variation at intermediate and high latitudes…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-27 Tuhin Ghosh , A. J. Banday , Tess Jaffe , Clive Dickinson , Rod Davies , Richard Davis , Krzysztof Gorski

Dust offers a unique probe of the interstellar medium (ISM) across multiple size, density, and temperature scales. Dust is detected in outflows of evolved stars, star-forming molecular clouds, planet-forming disks, and even in galaxies at…

Anomalous microwave emission is known to exist in the Perseus cloud. One of the most promising candidates to explain this excess of emission is electric dipole radiation from rapidly rotating very small dust grains, commonly referred to as…

We present a new study of the high latitude galactic contributions to the millimeter sky, based on an analysis of the WMAP data combined with several templates of dust emission (DIRBE/COBE and FIRAS/COBE) and gas tracers (HI and Halpha). To…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Lagache

Nine lectures reviewing the astrophysics of dust in interstellar clouds. Topics include: (1) Summary of observational evidence concerning interstellar dust: broadband extinction, scattering of starlight, polarization of starlight,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. T. Draine

The mm-to-cm range of the Spectral Energy Distribution of spiral galaxies remains largely unexplored. Its coverage is required to disentangle the contribution of dust emission, free-free and synchrotron radiation and can provide constraints…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-09 S. Bianchi , M. Murgia , A. Melis , V. Casasola , M. Galametz , F. Galliano , F. Govoni , A. Jones , S. Madden , R. Paladino , E. Xilouris , N. Ysard

Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) is a component of diffuse Galactic radiation observed at frequencies in the range $\approx 10$-60 GHz. AME was first detected in 1996 and recognised as an additional component of emission in 1997. Since…

Context. Excess microwave emission, commonly known as anomalous microwave emission (AME), is now routinely detected in the Milky Way. Although its link with the rotation of interstellar (carbonaceous) nano-grains seems to be relatively well…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-20 Nathalie Ysard , Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes , Laurent Verstraete , Anthony Peter Jones

Anomalous microwave emission (AME) is believed to be due to electric dipole radiation from small spinning dust grains. The aim of this paper is a statistical study of the basic properties of AME regions and the environment in which they…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-21 Planck Collaboration , P. A. R. Ade , N. Aghanim , M. I. R. Alves , M. Arnaud , F. Atrio-Barandela , J. Aumont , C. Baccigalupi , A. J. Banday , R. B. Barreiro , E. Battaner , K. Benabed , A. Benoit-Lévy , J. -P. Bernard , M. Bersanelli , P. Bielewicz , J. Bobin , A. Bonaldi , J. R. Bond , J. Borrill , F. R. Bouchet , F. Boulanger , C. Burigana , J. -F. Cardoso , S. Casassus , A. Catalano , A. Chamballu , X. Chen , H. C. Chiang , L. -Y Chiang , P. R. Christensen , D. L. Clements , S. Colombi , L. P. L. Colombo , F. Couchot , B. P. Crill , F. Cuttaia , L. Danese , R. D. Davies , R. J. Davis , P. de Bernardis , A. de Rosa , G. de Zotti , J. Delabrouille , F. -X. Désert , C. Dickinson , J. M. Diego , S. Donzelli , O. Doré , X. Dupac , T. A. Enßlin , H. K. Eriksen , F. Finelli , O. Forni , E. Franceschi , S. Galeotta , K. Ganga , R. T. Génova-Santos , T. Ghosh , M. Giard , J. González-Nuevo , K. M. Górski , A. Gregorio , A. Gruppuso , F. K. Hansen , D. Harrison , G. Helou , C. Hernández-Monteagudo , S. R. Hildebrandt , E. Hivon , A. Hornstrup , A. H. Jaffe , T. R. Jaffe , W. C. Jones , E. Keihänen , R. Keskitalo , R. Kneissl , J. Knoche , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , A. Lähteenmäki , J. -M. Lamarre , A. Lasenby , C. R. Lawrence , R. Leonardi , M. Liguori , P. B. Lilje , M. Linden-Vørnle , M. López-Caniego , J. F. Macías-Pérez , B. Maffei , D. Maino , N. Mandolesi , D. J. Marshall , P. G. Martin , E. Martínez-González , S. Masi , M. Massardi , S. Matarrese , P. Mazzotta , P. R. Meinhold , A. Melchiorri , L. Mendes , A. Mennella , M. Migliaccio , M. -A. Miville-Deschênes , A. Moneti , L. Montier , G. Morgante , D. Mortlock , D. Munshi , P. Naselsky , F. Nati , P. Natoli , H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen , F. Noviello , D. Novikov , I. Novikov , C. A. Oxborrow , L. Pagano , F. Pajot , R. Paladini , D. Paoletti , G. Patanchon , T. J. Pearson , M. Peel , O. Perdereau , F. Perrotta , F. Piacentini , M. Piat , E. Pierpaoli , D. Pietrobon , S. Plaszczynski , E. Pointecouteau , G. Polenta , N. Ponthieu , L. Popa , G. W. Pratt , S. Prunet , J. -L. Puget , J. P. Rachen , R. Rebolo , W. Reich , M. Reinecke , M. Remazeilles , C. Renault , S. Ricciardi , T. Riller , I. Ristorcelli , G. Rocha , C. Rosset , G. Roudier , J. A. Rubiño-Martín , B. Rusholme , M. Sandri , G. Savini , D. Scott , L. D. Spencer , V. Stolyarov , D. Sutton , A. -S. Suur-Uski , J. -F. Sygnet , J. A. Tauber , D. Tavagnacco , L. Terenzi , C. T. Tibbs , L. Toffolatti , M. Tomasi , M. Tristram , M. Tucci , L. Valenziano , J. Valiviita , B. Van Tent , J. Varis , P. Vielva , F. Villa , B. D. Wandelt , R. Watson , A. Wilkinson , N. Ysard , D. Yvon , A. Zacchei , A. Zonca

Dust grains in the interstellar medium interact with photons across the electromagnetic spectrum. They are generally photon energy converters, absorbing short wavelength radiation and emitting long wavelength radiation. Sixty years ago in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-19 Yancy L. Shirley , Jeffrey G. Mangum , Desika Narayanan , James Di Francesco

Inverse Compton scattering by relativistic electrons produces a major component of the diffuse emission from the Galaxy. The photon fields involved are the cosmic microwave background and the interstellar radiation field from stars and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-10-04 Elena Orlando , Andrew W. Strong

We have calculated the radiation field, dust grain temperatures, and far infrared emissivity of numerical models of turbulent molecular clouds. When compared to a uniform cloud of the same mean optical depth, most of the volume inside the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Thomas Bethell , Ellen Zweibel , Fabian Heitsch , J. S. Mathis

The radial distribution of dust has been calculated in outflows driven by radiation pressure in which the gas drag is taken into account. It is shown that the dust distribution in the newly discovered candidate disk around BD+31d643 can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Lecavelier des Etangs , A. Vidal-Madjar , R. Ferlet

Scattering and absorption of X-rays by interstellar dust is calculated for a model consisting of carbonaceous grains and amorphous silicate grains. The calculations employ realistic dielectric functions with structure near X-ray absorption…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. T. Draine

Variations in the dust emissivity are critical for gas mass determinations derived from far-infrared observations, but also for separating dust foreground emission from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Hi-GAL observations allow us for…

Interstellar dust grains are often aligned. If the grain alignment direction varies along the line of sight, the thermal emission becomes circularly-polarized. In the diffuse interstellar medium, the circular polarization at far-infrared…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-07 B. T. Draine

The emission of cold dust grains at long wavelengths will soon be observed by the Planck and Herschel satellites and provide new constraints on the nature of interstellar dust. The microwave anomalous emission, proposed to be due to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 Nathalie Ysard , Laurent Verstraete