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The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is produced by cosmic rays (CRs) interacting with the interstellar gas and radiation field. Measurements by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) instrument on the Compton Gamma-Ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-04-23 LAT Collaboration

Millisecond Pulsars are second most abundant source population discovered by the Fermi-LAT. They might contribute non-negligibly to the diffuse emission measured at high latitudes by Fermi-LAT, the IDGRB. Gamma-ray sources also contribute…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-05 F. Calore , M. Di Mauro , F. Donato

The diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB) above 100 MeV encodes unique information about high-energy processes in the universe. Numerous sources for the EGRB have been proposed, but the two systems which are certain to make some…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Vasiliki Pavlidou , Brian D. Fields

It has long been suggested that nearby pulsars within $\sim 1 \,{\rm kpc}$ are the leading candidate of the 10-500 GeV cosmic-ray positron excess measured by PAMELA and other experiments. The recent measurement of surface brightness profile…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-26 Shao-Qiang Xi , Ruo-Yu Liu , Zhi-Qiu Huang , Kun Fang , Xiang-Yu Wang

Diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission is the most prominent observable signature of celestial cosmic-ray interactions at high energies. While already being investigated at GeV energies over several decades, assessments of diffuse $\gamma$-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-10 H. E. S. S. Collaboration , : , A. Abramowski , F. Aharonian , F. Ait Benkhali , A. G. Akhperjanian , E. O. Angüner , M. Backes , S. Balenderan , A. Balzer , A. Barnacka , Y. Becherini , J. Becker Tjus , D. Berge , S. Bernhard , K. Bernlöhr , E. Birsin , J. Biteau , M. Böttcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , P. Bordas , J. Bregeon , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , T. Bulik , S. Carrigan , S. Casanova , P. M. Chadwick , N. Chakraborty , R. Chalme-Calvet , R. C. G. Chaves , M. Chrétien , S. Colafrancesco , G. Cologna , J. Conrad , C. Couturier , Y. Cui , I. D. Davids , B. Degrange , C. Deil , P. deWilt , A. Djannati-Ataï , W. Domainko , A. Donath , L. O'C. Drury , G. Dubus , K. Dutson , J. Dyks , M. Dyrda , T. Edwards , K. Egberts , P. Eger , P. Espigat , C. Farnier , S. Fegan , F. Feinstein , M. V. Fernandes , D. Fernandez , A. Fiasson , G. Fontaine , A. Förster , M. Füßling , S. Gabici , M. Gajdus , Y. A. Gallant , T. Garrigoux , G. Giavitto , B. Giebels , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , M. -H. Grondin , M. Grudzińska , D. Hadasch , S. Häffner , J. Hahn , J. Harris , G. Heinzelmann , G. Henri , G. Hermann , O. Hervet , A. Hillert , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , P. Hofverberg , M. Holler , D. Horns , A. Ivascenko , A. Jacholkowska , C. Jahn , M. Jamrozy , M. Janiak , F. Jankowsky , I. Jung-Richardt , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzyński , U. Katz , S. Kaufmann , B. Khélifi , M. Kieffer , S. Klepser , D. Klochkov , W. Kluźniak , D. Kolitzus , Nu. Komin , K. Kosack , S. Krakau , F. Krayzel , P. P. Krüger , H. Laffon , G. Lamanna , J. Lefaucheur , V. Lefranc , A. Lemière , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , T. Lohse , A. Lopatin , C. -C. Lu , V. Marandon , A. Marcowith , R. Marx , G. Maurin , N. Maxted , M. Mayer , T. J. L. McComb , J. Méhault , P. J. Meintjes , U. Menzler , M. Meyer , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , M. Mohamed , K. Morå , E. Moulin , T. Murach , M. de Naurois , J. Niemiec , S. J. Nolan , L. Oakes , H. Odaka , S. Ohm , B. Opitz , M. Ostrowski , I. Oya , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , M. Paz Arribas , N. W. Pekeur , G. Pelletier , P. -O. Petrucci , B. Peyaud , S. Pita , H. Poon , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , I. Reichardt , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , M. Renaud , R. de los Reyes , F. Rieger , C. Romoli , S. Rosier-Lees , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , C. B. Rulten , V. Sahakian , D. Salek , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , R. Schlickeiser , F. Schüssler , A. Schulz , U. Schwanke , S. Schwarzburg , S. Schwemmer , H. Sol , F. Spanier , G. Spengler , F. Spies , Ł. Stawarz , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , F. Stinzing , K. Stycz , I. Sushch , J. -P. Tavernet , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , M. Tluczykont , C. Trichard , K. Valerius , C. van Eldik , B. van Soelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , A. Viana , P. Vincent , J. Vink , H. J. Völk , F. Volpe , M. Vorster , T. Vuillaume , S. J. Wagner , P. Wagner , R. M. Wagner , M. Ward , M. Weidinger , Q. Weitzel , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , P. Willmann , A. Wörnlein , D. Wouters , R. Yang , V. Zabalza , D. Zaborov , M. Zacharias , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , H. -S. Zechlin , Y. Fukui

The Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission is conventionally modeled as the product of cosmic-ray interactions with the interstellar medium. However, the cumulative contribution of stellar atmospheres acting as hadronic interaction targets…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 Yanbo Wang , Zhenglong Wang , Rui Zhang , Yi Zhang

The HAWC Collaboration has recently reported the detection of bright and spatially extended multi-TeV gamma-ray emission from Geminga, Monogem, and a handful of other nearby, middle-aged pulsars. The angular profile of the emission observed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-17 Dan Hooper , Tim Linden

Millisecond pulsars have been discussed as a possible source of the gamma-ray excess observed from the region surrounding the Galactic Center. With this in mind, we use the observed population of bright low-mass X-ray binaries to estimate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-01 Ilias Cholis , Dan Hooper , Tim Linden

We analyze the contribution of gamma-ray pulsars from the first Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalogue to the local flux of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (e+e-). We present new distance estimates for all Fermi gamma-ray pulsars,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-02-15 Leo Gendelev , Stefano Profumo , Michael Dormody

TeV halos are extended very-high-energy (VHE; 0.1-100 TeV) gamma-ray emission around middle-aged pulsars. So far they have only been found around isolated pulsars, but it has been suggested that they may also be powered by millisecond…

It has been suggested that the GeV excess, observed from the region surrounding the Galactic Center, might originate from a population of millisecond pulsars that formed in globular clusters. With this in mind, we employ the publicly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-17 Dan Hooper , Tim Linden

The LHAASO Collaboration has recently reported a measurement of the diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic Plane at energies between 10 TeV and 1 PeV. While this emission is brighter than that expected from cosmic-ray interactions in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-18 Ariane Dekker , Ian Holst , Dan Hooper , Giovani Leone , Emily Simon , Huangyu Xiao

The seven known gamma-ray pulsars represent a very small fraction of the more than 1000 presently known radio pulsars, yet they can give us valuable information about pulsar particle acceleration and energetics. Although the theory of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alice K. Harding

The AGILE gamma-ray satellite provides large sky exposure levels ($\geq 10^9$ cm$^2$ s per year on the Galactic Plane) with sensitivity peaking at $E\sim$100 MeV where the bulk of pulsar energy output is typically released. Its $\sim$1…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 Maura Pilia , Alberto Pellizzoni

The nature of the unidentified gamma-ray point sources in the galactic plane is a long standing puzzle of gamma-ray astronomy. Kaaret and Cottam (1996) showed that 16 of the 25 unidentified gamma-ray point sources near the galactic plane…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Philip Kaaret

We present a study of the compatibility of some current models of the diffuse Galactic continuum gamma rays with EGRET data. A set of regions sampling the whole sky is chosen to provide a comprehensive range of tests. The range of EGRET…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko , O. Reimer

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is produced by cosmic rays (CRs) interacting with the interstellar gas and radiation field. Measurements by the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) instrument on the Compton Gamma-Ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 T. A. Porter

The dominant mechanisms underlying high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission from galaxies vary by galaxy type. In starbursts, a major contribution comes from neutral pion decay. This is driven by interactions between interstellar gas and hadronic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-26 Ellis R. Owen , Yoshiyuki Inoue , Chung-Yue Hui , Tatsuki Fujiwara , Albert K. H. Kong

Using gamma-ray data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope, various groups have identified a clear excess emission in the Inner Galaxy, at energies around a few GeV. This excess resembles remarkably well a signal from dark-matter…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-10 Richard Bartels , Suraj Krishnamurthy , Christoph Weniger

The spectral shape of the unresolved emission from different classes of gamma-ray emitters can be used to disentangle the contributions from these populations to the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB). We present a calculation of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Vasiliki Pavlidou , Tonia M. Venters