Related papers: AGN Models: High-Energy Emission
The sources of the majority of the high-energy astrophysical neutrinos observed with the IceCube neutrino telescope at the South Pole are unknown. So far, only a gamma-ray blazar was compellingly associated with the emission of high-energy…
Typical blazars seem to be associated with FR I and FR II radio galaxies and radio-loud quasars. However, what happens at lower powers? Do blazars exist in low-luminosity AGN or do they exist in radio-quiet AGN? A recent detection of…
Large number of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) producing Very-High-Energy (VHE) gamma-rays (energies above 100~GeV) has been revealed using observations with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). However, our knowledge of the VHE…
Relativistic jets of radio loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) produce highly directed, intense beams of radiation. A fraction of this beamed radiation scatters on the thermal plasma generally surrounding an AGN. The morphology of the…
Presently there are several classes of detected gamma-ray extragalatic sources. They are mostly associated to active galactic nuclei (AGN) and (at soft gamma rays) to gamma-ray bursts (GRB), but not only. Active galactic nuclei consist of…
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) with jets seen at small viewing angles are the most luminous and abundant objects in the $\gamma$-ray sky. AGN with jets misaligned along the line-of-sight appear fainter in the sky, but are more numerous than…
Supermassive black holes in the centers of galaxies are very common. They are known to rotate, accrete, spin down and eject highly relativistic jets; those jets pointed at us all seem to show a spectrum with two strong bumps, one in the TeV…
In this chapter we review some aspects of X-ray binaries, particularly those presenting steady jets, i.e. microquasars. Because of their proximity and similarities with active galactic nuclei (AGN), galactic jet sources are unique…
Relativistic jets from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are highly energetic and emit radiation across a wide range of frequencies. Despite several observational studies, their particle composition still remains a key open question. The…
Blazars are the most violent steady/recurrent sources of high-energy gamma-ray emission in the known Universe. They are prominent emitters of electromagnetic radiation throughout the entire electromagnetic spectrum. The observable radiation…
Recent observations have revealed the existence of enormously energetic ~10^61 erg AGN outbursts in three relatively distant galaxy clusters. These outbursts have produced bubbles in the intra-cluster medium, apparently supported by…
Before the launch of the Fermi satellite only two classes of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) were known to generate relativistic jets and thus to emit up to the gamma-ray energy range: blazars and radio galaxies, both hosted in giant…
We present a model in which AGN jets are described by a dense series of plasma blobs, distributed in masses and velocities. The blobs expand and collide, and ultimately form a continuous jet flow as observed on larger scales. When blobs…
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) may emit highly collimated and intense jets of relativistic electrons which upscatter ambient photons. These electrons can also scatter off the cold dark matter halo of the galaxy to produce high energy photons…
Blazars are a sub-category of radio-loud active galactic nuclei with relativistic jets pointing towards the observer. They exhibit non-thermal variable emission, which practically extends over the whole electromagnetic spectrum. Despite the…
Blazars are a subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN) that have a relativistic jet with a small viewing angle towards the observer. Recent results based on hadronic scenarios have motivated an ongoing discussion of how a blazar can produce…
Aims. We use a sample of 83 core-dominated active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected from the MOJAVE (Monitoring of Jets in AGN with VLBA Experiments) radio-flux-limited sample and detected with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) to study the…
EGRET (20 MeV to 30 GeV) on board the Compton GRO has observed high-energy emission from about 40-50 Active Galactic Nuclei. Theoretical models of this emission based on the upscattering of thermal disk photons by cooling, relativistic…
Recent high energy gamma-ray observations (E>100 MeV) of blazar AGN show emission spectra with no clear upper energy cutoff. AGN, considered to be possible sources for the highest energy cosmic rays, may have emission extending well into…
Radio galaxies have emerged as a new gamma-ray emitting source class on the extragalactic sky. With their jets misaligned, i.e. not directly pointing towards us, they offer a unique tool to probe some of the fundamental (and otherwise…