Related papers: A new classification and a two-parameter unificati…
We present the results from a study of the long-term optical spectral variations of BL Lacertae, using the long and well-sampled B and R-band light curves of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) collaboration, binned on time intervals of…
The synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models and External Compton (EC) models of AGN jets with continually longitudinal and transverse bulk velocity structures are constructed. The observed spectra show complex and interesting patterns in…
One of the major challenges in studying the cosmic evolution of relativistic jets is the identification of the high-redshift ($z>3$) BL Lacertae objects, a class of jetted active galactic nuclei characterized by their quasi-featureless…
The bright X-ray selected BL Lacertae object PKS 2155-304 has been the target of two intense multiwavelength campaigns, in November 1991 and in May 1994. Although the spectral energy distributions at both epochs were quite similar, the…
Blazars, a subclass of radio-loud active galactic nuclei with relativistic jets aligned close to our line of sight, emit highly variable non-thermal radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. The physical origin of their emission and…
BL Lacertae had undergone a series of historical high flux activity over a year, from August 2020 in the optical to VHE $\gamma$-rays. In this paper, we report on optical flux and spectral variability of the first historical maxima outburst…
Blazars are variable targets in the sky, whose variation mechanism remains an open question. In this work, we make a comprehensive study on the variation phenomena of the spectral index and polarization degree (PD) to deeply understand the…
A correlation between astrophysical high-energy neutrinos and blazars has been suggested by various authors. In particular, a likely association between IceCube events and intermediate and high-energy peaked BL Lac objects has led to a…
We have obtained high dynamic range, good natural seeing i' images of BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs) to search for the AGN host and thus constrain the source redshift. These objects are drawn from a sample of bright flat-spectrum radio…
The "blazar sequence" posits that the most powerful BL Lacertae objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars should have relatively small synchrotron peak frequencies, nu_peak, and that the least powerful such objects should have the highest…
Here we report our recent study on the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the high frequency BL Lac object Mrk 421 in different luminosity states. We used a full-fledged chi2-minimization procedure instead of more commonly used "eyeball"…
We present two ways of modeling the spectral energy distribution of blazars in the hadronic context and discuss the predictions of each "hadronic variant" on the spectral shape, the multi-wavelength variability, the cosmic-ray flux, and the…
Recent radio and optical large scale jets' observations suggest a two-component jet morphology, consisting of a fast central spine surrounded with a boundary layer with a velocity shear. We study radiation of electrons accelerated at such…
We monitored BL Lacertae in the B, V, R and I bands for 14 nights during the period of 2016-2018. The source showed significant intraday variability on 12 nights. We performed colour-magnitude analysis and found that the source exhibited…
In this work, we study the parameter space of neutrino-emitting BL Lacs under the framework of the one-zone lepto-hadronic model. We show that constraints on the model come from various aspects of observations such as the variability…
We present a new catalogue of the RATAN-600 multi-frequency measurements for BL Lac objects. The purpose of this catalogue is to compile the BL Lac multi-frequency data that is acquired with the RATAN-600 simultaneously at several…
Context. The study of BL Lac objects (BLL) detected in gamma-rays gives insights on the acceleration mechanisms in play in such systems and is also a valuable tool to constrain the density of the extragalactic background light. As their…
Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques are increasingly used across astrophysics, enabled by the growing availability of data and improved acquisition methods. These approaches now support tasks from redshift estimation to…
The synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) radiation process is widely held to provide a close representation of the double peaked spectral energy distributions from BL Lac Objects (BL Lacs), which are marked by non-thermal beamed radiations,…
Optical, near-infrared, and radio observations of the BL Lac object PKS2155-304 were obtained simultaneously with a continuous UV/EUV/X-ray monitoring campaign in 1994 May. Further optical observations were gathered throughout most of 1994.…