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The dominant mechanisms underlying high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission from galaxies vary by galaxy type. In starbursts, a major contribution comes from neutral pion decay. This is driven by interactions between interstellar gas and hadronic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-26 Ellis R. Owen , Yoshiyuki Inoue , Chung-Yue Hui , Tatsuki Fujiwara , Albert K. H. Kong

We perform a consistent modeling of cosmic ray electrons, positrons and of the radio emission of the Galaxy. For the time we reproduce all relevant data sets between 1 GeV and 1 TeV including the recent AMS-02 positron fraction results. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-07-01 D. Grasso , G. Di Bernardo , C. Evoli , D. Gaggero , L. Maccione

Cosmic rays fill up the entire volume of galaxies, providing an important source of heating and ionisation of the interstellar medium, and may play a significant role in the regulation of star formation and galactic evolution. Diffuse…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Troy A. Porter

We report, for the first time, the long-awaited detection of diffuse gamma rays with energies between 100 TeV and 1 PeV in the Galactic disk. Particularly, all gamma rays above 398 TeV are observed apart from known TeV gamma-ray sources and…

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray background, as observed with EGRET on CGRO, exceeds the model predictions significantly above 1 GeV. This is particularly true for the inner Galaxy. We shall discuss here the contribution of the Galactic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Heinz Voelk

Despite significant progress over more than 100 years, no accelerator has been unambiguously identified as the source of the locally measured flux of cosmic rays. High-energy electrons and positrons are of particular importance in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-30 Philipp Mertsch

We have proposed that the cosmic ray spectrum "knee", the steepening of the cosmic ray spectrum at energy $E \gsim 10^{15.5}$ eV, is due to "new physics", namely new interactions at TeV cm energies which produce particles undetected by the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 D. Kazanas , A. Nicolaidis

Cosmic rays (CRs) generate diffuse emission while interacting with the Galactic magnetic field (B-field), the interstellar gas and the radiation field. This diffuse emission extends from radio, microwaves, through X-rays, to high-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-22 Elena Orlando

Neutrino telescope IceCube has recently discovered astrophysical neutrinos with energies in the TeV-PeV range. We use the data of Fermi gamma-ray telescope to demonstrate that the neutrino signal has significant contribution from the Milky…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-08-20 Andrii Neronov , Dmitry Semikoz

Cosmic electrons with energies in the TeV range lose their energy rapidly through synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton processes, resulting in a relatively short lifetime (~ 10^5 years). They are only visible from comparatively nearby…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 D. Borla Tridon , P. Colin , L. Cossio , M. Doro , V. Scalzotto

The recent discovery of diffuse, VHE gamma radiation from the Galactic center ridge by the H.E.S.S. telescope allow for the first time the direct determination of parameters of galactic cosmic ray propagation models. In this paper we show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 I. Büsching , O. C. de Jager , J. Snyman

The injection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in the intergalactic medium leads to the production of a GeV-TeV gamma-ray halo centered on the source location, through the production of a high electromagnetic component in the interactions…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Kumiko Kotera , Denis Allard , Martin Lemoine

The observations of the total electronic component and the positron fraction in cosmic rays by the FERMI, HESS, ATIC, and PAMELA instruments are studied with analytical propagation models, both for a set of discrete sources and for a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-15 R. Cowsik , B. Burch

We have developed a model which aims to reproduce observational data of many kinds related to cosmic-ray origin and propagation: direct measurements of nuclei, antiprotons, electrons and positrons, gamma-rays, and synchrotron radiation. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko

The diffuse gamma-ray emission between 10 and 1000 TeV from the Galactic plane was recently measured by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). These observations will help tremendously in constraining the propagation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-06 Rui Zhang , Xiaoyuan Huang , Zhi-Hui Xu , Shiping Zhao , Qiang Yuan

Models for the diffuse Galactic continuum emission and synchrotron radiation show that it is difficult to reproduce observations of both of these from the same population of cosmic-ray electrons. This indicates that an important contributor…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko

It is believed that the observed diffuse gamma ray emission from the galactic plane is the result of interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar gas. Such emission can be amplified if cosmic rays penetrate into dense molecular…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Stefano Gabici , Felix Aharonian , Pasquale Blasi

The observations of high energy $\gamma$-ray emission from the Galactic center (GC) by HESS, and recently by Fermi, suggest the cosmic ray acceleration in the GC and possibly around the supermassive black hole. In this work we propose a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-09-16 Yi-Qing Guo , Qiang Yuan , Cheng Liu , Ai-Feng Li

In this paper we fit the observed galactic cosmic ray electron spectrum from a few MeV to 1 TeV. New data from Voyager from 5-60 MeV beyond the heliopause is used along with high energy data from the PAMELA, FERMI and AMS-2 instruments in…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-08-26 W. R. Webber

Recent gamma-ray observations have detected photons up to energies of a few PeV. These highly energetic gamma rays are emitted by the most powerful sources in the Galaxy. Propagating over astrophysical distances, gamma rays might interact…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-18 Gaetano Di Marco , Rafael Alves Batista , Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Conde