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We describe the subject of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) analysis - its past, present and future. The theory of Gaussian primary anisotropies, those arising from linear physics operating in the early Universe, is in reasonably good…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-12 J. Richard Bond , Robert G. Crittenden

If current ideas about unified field theories are correct, macroscopic cosmic defects may well exist. The observation of such an entity would have enormous significance for our understanding of fundamental physics. This paper points out a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Neil Turok

We are now beginning to learn detailed information about cosmological parameters from the shapes of the matter and radiation power spectra, together with their relative normalization. As more high quality data are gathered from galaxy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Douglas Scott

We review in a pedagogical way the present status of the impact of non-Gaussianity (NG) on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies. We first show how to set the initial conditions at second-order for the (gauge invariant) CMB…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 N. Bartolo , S. Matarrese , A. Riotto

The cosmic microwave background (CMB), the relic radiation from the early Universe, offers a unique window into both primordial conditions and the intervening large-scale structure (LSS) it traverses. Interactions between CMB photons and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-24 Federico Bianchini , Abhishek S. Maniyar

I give a status report and outlook concerning the use of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies to constrain the inflationary cosmology, and stress its crucial role as an underlying paradigm for the estimation of cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Andrew R Liddle

The theory of cosmological perturbations is extended to spacetimes displaying isotropic expansion but anisotropic curvature. The perturbed Einstein equation and Boltzmann equations for massless and massive particles are derived in a general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-08 T. G. Zlosnik

It is likely that the observed large-angular-scale anisotropies in the microwave background radiation are induced by the cosmological perturbations of quantum-mechanical origin. Such perturbations are now placed in squeezed vacuum quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 L. P. Grishchuk

We present a self-contained summary of the theory of linear cosmological perturbations. We emphasize the effect of the six parameters of the minimal cosmological model, first, on the spectrum of Cosmic Microwave Background temperature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-20 Julien Lesgourgues

We give a brief review of the physics of acoustic oscillations in Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies. As an example of the impact of their detection in cosmology, we show how the present data on CMB angular power spectrum on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 C. Baccigalupi , A. Balbi , S. Matarrese , F. Perrotta , N. Vittorio

This article describes the theory of cosmological perturbations around a homogeneous and anisotropic universe of the Bianchi I type. Starting from a general parameterisation of the perturbed spacetime a la Bardeen, a complete set of gauge…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Thiago S. Pereira , Cyril Pitrou , Jean-Philippe Uzan

We consider directly the equations by which matter imposes anisotropies on freely propagating background radiation, leading to a new way of using anisotropy measurements to limit the deviations of the Universe from a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Roy Maartens , George F. R. Ellis , William R. Stoeger

Recent cosmic microwave background data in temperature and polarization have reached high precision in estimating all the parameters that describe the current so-called standard cosmological model. Recent results about the integrated…

An introduction to models of open universes originating from bubbles, including a summary of recent theoretical results for the power spectrum. To appear in the proceedings of the XXXIth Moriond meeting, "Microwave Background Anisotropies."

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-03 J. D. Cohn

We expose the scenarios of primordial baryon-photon plasma evolution within the framework of the Milne-like universe models. Recently, such models find a second wind and promise an inflation-free solution of a lot of cosmological puzzles…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-09 S. L. Cherkas , V. L. Kalashnikov

We discuss the cosmological evolution of matter sources with small anisotropic pressures. This includes electric and magnetic fields, collisionless relativistic particles, gravitons, antisymmetric axion fields in low-energy string…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 John D. Barrow

In the framework of inflationary models with non-vacuum initial states for cosmological perturbations, we study non-Gaussian signatures on the cosmic microwave background radiation produced by a broken-scale-invariant model which…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-03 Alejandro Gangui

In these lectures the present status of the so-called standard cosmological model, based on the hot Big Bang theory and the inflationary paradigm is reviewed. Special emphasis is given to the origin of the cosmological perturbations we see…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-01-26 A. Riotto

We review the current status of experimental data for spectral distortions and angular anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background, as well as discussing the relevant physical processes. This is one of a number of new articles in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. F. Smoot , D. Scott

Major advances in the observation and theory of cosmic microwave background anisotropies have opened up a new era in cosmology. This has encouraged the hope that the fundamental parameters of cosmology will be determined to high accuracy in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Roy Maartens