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Planck, SPT and ACT surveys have clearly demonstrated that Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments, while optimised for cosmological measurements, have made important contributions to the field of extragalactic astrophysics in the…

The Wavelength-Oriented Microwave Background Analysis Team (WOMBAT) is constructing microwave maps which will be more realistic than previous simulations. Our foreground models represent a considerable improvement: where spatial templates…

Most work on foreground removal has treated the case where the frequency dependence of all components is perfectly known and independent of position. In contrast, real-world foregrounds are generally not perfectly correlated between…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Max Tegmark

Unexpected features have been observed in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature on large scales. We revisit these CMB anomalies using new foreground-cleaned CMB temperature maps derived in a companion paper from WMAP and Planck…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-05 Laura Herold , Graeme E. Addison , Charles L. Bennett , Hayley C. Nofi , J. L. Weiland

The large-angle, low multipole cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides a unique view of the largest angular scales in the Universe. Study of these scales is hampered by the facts that we have only one Universe to observe, only a few…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Craig J. Copi , Dragan Huterer , Dominik J. Schwarz , Glenn D. Starkman

The Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies are difficult to measure at large angular scales. In this paper, we present a new analysis of the \Planck\ High Frequency Instrument data that brings the cosmological part and its major…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-09 J. -M. Delouis , J. -L. Puget , L. Vibert

The Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) is hidden behind veils of foreground emission from our own solar system and Galaxy. This paper describes procedures for removing the Galactic IR emission from the 1.25 - 240 micron COBE DIRBE maps as…

In this review, we give an overview of some of the major aspects of data reduction and analysis for the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Since its prediction and discovery in the last century, the CMB radiation has proven itself to be one…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 Matthieu Tristram , Ken Ganga

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a relict of the early universe. Its perfect 2.725K blackbody spectrum demonstrates that the universe underwent a hot, ionized early phase; its anisotropy (about 80 \mu K rms) provides strong evidence…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Paolo de Bernardis , Silvia Masi

We are presenting an Internal Linear Combination (ILC) CMB map, in which the foreground is reduced through harmonic variance minimization. We have derived our method by converting a general form of pixel-space approach into spherical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 Jaiseung Kim , Pavel Naselsky , Per Rex Christensen

Galactic foreground emission plays a key role in cosmic microwave background (CMB) science, particularly for detecting primordial gravitational waves. A well-known lesson is the ``dust wave'' identified by BICEP2 in 2014, which was ruled…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Jia-Rui Li , Peibo Yuan , Yi-Fu Cai , Hao Liu

A full-sky template map of the Galactic free-free foreground emission component is increasingly important for high sensitivity CMB experiments. We use the recently published \ha data of both the northern and southern skies as the basis for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. Dickinson , R. D. Davies , R. J. Davis

We compare multiple foreground-cleaning pipelines for estimating the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, using simulated maps of the planned CMB-S4 experiment within the context of the South Pole Deep Patch. To evaluate robustness, we analyze bias…

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is an abundant source of cosmological information. However, this information is encoded in non-trivial ways in a signal that is difficult to observe. The resulting challenges in extracting this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Benjamin D. Wandelt

We discuss an approach to the component separation of microwave, multi-frequency sky maps as those typically produced from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) Anisotropy data sets. The algorithm is based on the two step, parametric,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 R. Stompor , S. Leach , F. Stivoli , C. Baccigalupi

We use a simple model to investigate the effect of polarized Galactic foreground emission on the ability of planned CMB missions to detect and model CMB polarization. Emission from likely polarized sources (synchrotron and spinning dust)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kogut , G. Hinshaw

We present an application of the fast Independent Component Analysis (FastICA) to the WMAP 3yr data with the goal of extracting the CMB signal. We evaluate the confidence of our results by means of Monte Carlo simulations including CMB,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-15 D. Maino , S. Donzelli , A. J. Banday , F. Stivoli , C. Baccigalupi

We propose a method to extract the projected power spectrum of density perturbations from the distortions in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The distortions are imprinted onto the CMB by the gravitational lensing effect and can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Uros Seljak , Matias Zaldarriaga

We present Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) maps from the Santa Barbara HACME balloon experiment (Staren etal 2000), covering about 1150 square degrees split between two regions in the northern sky, near the stars gamma Ursae Minoris and…

Measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies by interferometers offer several advantages over single-dish observations. The formalism for analyzing interferometer CMB data is well developed in the flat-sky approximation,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Emory F. Bunn , Martin White