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The physics of stars, their workings and their evolution, is a goldmine of problems in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. We discuss many examples that illustrate the possibility of deepening student's knowledge of statistical…
Model of hard sphere system is important part of modern theories of liquids. Radial distribution function of hard sphere fluid represented in form of explicit analytical expression allows to obtain thermodynamic potentials in analytical…
Present grids of stellar atmosphere models are the workhorses in interpreting stellar observations, and determining their fundamental parameters. These models rely on greatly simplified models of convection, however, lending less predictive…
Active particles contain internal degrees of freedom with the ability to take in and dissipate energy and, in the process, execute systematic movement. Examples include all living organisms and their motile constituents such as molecular…
Solar prominences are cool and dense plasma structures floating in the hot solar corona. They are ubiquitous features in the solar atmosphere, but their formation mechanism is still unclear. Here we perform comprehensive fully…
The Sun provides us with the only spatially well-resolved astrophysical example of turbulent thermal convection. While various aspects of solar photospheric turbulence, such as granulation (one-Megameter horizontal scale), are well…
We present an outline of basic assumptions and governing structural equations describing atmospheres of substellar mass objects, in particular the extrasolar giant planets and brown dwarfs. Although most of the presentation of the physical…
Dynamics of the structured particles consisting of potentially interacting material points is considered in the framework of classical mechanics. Equations of interaction and motion of structured particles have been derived. The expression…
The dynamics of supercooled liquid and glassy systems are usually studied within the Lagrangian representation, in which the positions and velocities of distinguishable interacting particles are followed. Within this representation,…
Cosmic structures at large scales represent the earliest and most extended form of matter condensation. In this lecture we review the application of the methods and concepts of modern statistical physics to these structures. This leads to a…
We write a nonlinear model that predicts the climate (temperature and humidity) on the surface of a small region on Earth, perform numerical investigations using the model, and compare the results to real climate on a variety of regions on…
Recently, Theophilou (J. Chem.Phys {\bf 149} 074104 (2018)) showed that a set of spherically symmetric densities determines uniquely the external potential in molecules and solids. Here, spherically symmetric Kohn-Sham-like equations are…
Spherical models of collisionless but quasi-relaxed stellar systems have long been studied as a natural framework for the description of globular clusters. Here we consider the construction of self-consistent models under the same physical…
While galaxy cluster catalogs were compiled many decades ago, other structural elements of cosmic web are detected at definite level only in the newest works. For example, extragalactic filaments were described by velocity field and SDSS…
Solar flares are energetic events taking place in the Sun's atmosphere, and their effects can greatly impact the environment of the surrounding planets. In particular, eruptive flares, as opposed to confined flares, launch coronal mass…
Solar neutrino physics is an exciting and difficult field of research for physicists, where astrophysics, elementary particle and nuclear physics meet. \ The Sun produces the energy that life has been using on Earth for many years, about…
A precise modeling of light trajectories in the solar system on the sub-micro-arcsecond and nano-arcsecond scale of accuracy requires the metric tensor of solar system bodies in post-linear approximation. The Multipolar Post-Minkowskian…
The overall framework for the study of solar convection and oscillations is the spherically symmetric component of solar structure. I discuss those properties of the solar interior which depend on convection and other possible…
A laboratory plasma-wall interaction-based astrophysical gravito-electrostatic sheath (GES) model is methodologically applied to study the dynamic stability of the magnetoactive bi-fluidic solar plasma system in the presence of turbulence…
Experimental data on electromagnetic and weak form factors of the nucleon are analyzed in a two-component model with a quark-like intrinsic structure surrounded by a meson cloud. The contribution from strange quarks is discussed and…