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Theoretical and observational challenges to standard cosmology such as the cosmological constant problem and tensions between cosmological model parameters inferred from different observations motivate the development and search of new…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-30 Lucas Lombriser

We provide an informal discussion of pattern formation in a finite universe. The global size and shape of the universe is revealed in the pattern of hot and cold spots in the cosmic microwave background. Topological pattern formation can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Janna Levin , Imogen Heard

This paper proposes a morpho-statistical characterisation of the galaxy distribution through spatial statistical modelling based on inhomogeneous Gibbs point processes. The galaxy distribution is supposed to exhibit two components. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-18 Lluís Hurtado-Gil , Radu S. Stoica , Vicent J. Martínez , Pablo Arnalte-Mur

Understanding quantum phases and phase transitions in the presence of symmetries is a central objective of quantum many-body physics. A powerful modern paradigm for investigating this problem is topological holography, which relates…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-01 Shang Liu

We propose a measure of shape which is appropriate for the study of a complicated geometric structure, defined using the topology of neighborhoods of the structure. One aspect of this measure gives a new notion of fractal dimension. We…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2010-12-20 Robert MacPherson , Benjamin Schweinhart

We use automated surface photometry and pattern classification techniques to morphologically classify galaxies. The two-dimensional light distribution of a galaxy is reconstructed using Fourier series fits to azimuthal profiles computed in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. C. Odewahn , S. H. Cohen , R. A. Windhorst , N. S. Philip

We provide a significant extension of the Hyperboloidal Foliation Method introduced by the authors in 2014 in order to establish global existence results for systems of quasilinear wave equations posed on a curved space, when wave equations…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-07-29 Philippe G. LeFloch , Yue Ma

We pursue a novel morphometric analysis to detect sources in very-high-energy gamma-ray counts maps by structural deviations from the background noise without assuming any prior knowledge about potential sources. The rich and complex…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Michael A. Klatt , Klaus Mecke

We present a method to simulate deep sky images, including realistic galaxy morphologies and telescope characteristics. To achieve a wide diversity of simulated galaxy morphologies, we first use the shapelets formalism to parametrize the…

We extend the notion of the distance to a measure from Euclidean space to probability measures on general metric spaces as a way to do topological data analysis in a way that is robust to noise and outliers. We then give an efficient way to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-10-09 Mickael Buchet , Frederic Chazal , Steve Y. Oudot , Donald R. Sheehy

In Minkowski geometry the metric features are based on a compact convex body containing the origin in its interior. This body works as a unit ball with its boundary formed by the unit vectors. Using one-homogeneous extension we have a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-12-23 Csaba Vincze

We propose a novel technique to probe the expansion history of the Universe based on the clustering statistics of cosmic voids. In particular, we compute their two-point statistics in redshift space on the basis of realistic mock galaxy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-11 Nico Hamaus , P. M. Sutter , Guilhem Lavaux , Benjamin D. Wandelt

Maximum likelihood estimation for parameter-fitting given observations from a Gaussian process in space is a computationally-demanding task that restricts the use of such methods to moderately-sized datasets. We present a framework for…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-13 Victor Minden , Anil Damle , Kenneth L. Ho , Lexing Ying

We pursue a novel morphometric analysis to detect sources in very-high-energy gamma-ray counts maps by structural deviations from the background noise. Because the Minkowski functionals from integral geometry quantify the shape of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Michael A. Klatt , Klaus Mecke

In this paper the deformation quantization is constructed in the case of scalar fields on Minkowski space-time. We construct the star products at three level concerning fields, Hamiltonian functionals and their underlying structure called…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-02-15 Jie Wu , Mai Zhou

The large number of galaxies imaged by digital sky surveys reinforces the need for computational methods for analyzing galaxy morphology. While the morphology of most galaxies can be associated with a stage on the Hubble sequence,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-17 Lior Shamir , Anthony Holincheck , John Wallin

This paper is one in a series that investigates topological measures on locally compact spaces. A topological measure is a set function which is finitely additive on the collection of open and compact sets, inner regular on open sets, and…

General Topology · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Svetlana V. Butler

We investigate the extrinsic geometry of causal sets in $(1+1)$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The properties of boundaries in an embedding space can be used not only to measure observables, but also to supplement the discrete action in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-27 William J. Cunningham

Among dynamical modeling techniques, the made-to-measure (M2M) method for modeling steady-state systems is among the most flexible, allowing non-parametric distribution functions in complex gravitational potentials to be modeled efficiently…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-28 Jo Bovy , Daisuke Kawata , Jason A. S. Hunt

We revise the Bayesian inference steps required to analyse the cosmological large-scale structure. Here we make special emphasis in the complications which arise due to the non-Gaussian character of the galaxy and matter distribution. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Francisco-Shu Kitaura