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Algorithms used for the reconstruction and identification of electrons in the central region of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented in this paper; these algorithms are used in ATLAS physics analyses that…
Correlation of interacting particles is studied in their dynamics and localization in ideal and disordered lattice systems with the help of numerical tools. Both 1D and 2D systems are considered. In 1D lattices with long-range hopping,…
Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) is a powerful astrophysical probe. Not only is it ubiquitous at high redshifts, it is also a resonant line, making Ly$\alpha$ photons scatter. This scattering process depends on the physical conditions of the gas…
Several LHC experiments exploit the high acceptance in the forward region. Most of them use the possibility of measuring the intact proton in an elastic event. This approach can enhance the purity of selecting jet-gap-jet events, leading to…
A new algorithm for extraction of asymmetries from polarized lepton-nucleon scattering data is proposed. The algorithm is stable to set-up acceptance and/or luminosity monitor acceptance variations. A statistical test for checking the data…
A potential scattering theory from deterministic and random $\mathcal{PT}$ collections of particles with gain and loss is introduced and the forms of their structure and pair-structure factors are elucidated. An example relating to light…
The outer water buffer is an economic option to shield the external radiative backgrounds for liquid-scintillator neutrino detectors. However, the consequential total reflection of scintillation light at the media boundary introduces extra…
This review outlines concepts of mathematical statistics, elements of probability theory, hypothesis tests and point estimation for use in the analysis of modern astronomical data. Least squares, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches…
A new statistical technique for constructing linear latent structure (LLS) models from available data, supported by well established theoretical results and an efficient algorithm, is presented. The method reduces the problem of estimating…
In this article: a) a method is developed for calculating volumetric diagrams of elastic scattering of microparticles (in particular, electrons and photons) on single-layer and multi-layer statistically uneven surfaces; b) the diffraction…
A new generation of ultra-low-background scintillator-based detectors aims to study solar neutrinos and search for dark matter and new physics beyond the Standard Model. These optical, non-imaging detectors generally contain a "fiducial…
The event reconstruction in high energy neutrino telescopes is based on the expression of the time delay distribution of the detected photons propagating to some distance from their emission point through a uniform and scattering medium.…
We present a method for obtaining the likelihood function of distance and extinction to a star given its photometry. The other properties of the star (its mass, age, metallicity and so on) are marginalised assuming a simple Galaxy model. We…
This paper introduces Gaussian Spatial Transport (GST), a novel framework that leverages Gaussian splatting to facilitate transport from the probability measure in the image coordinate space to the annotation map. We propose a Gaussian…
Different theoretical methods used for the description of diffractive processes in small-x deep inelastic scattering are reviewed. The semiclassical approach, where a partonic fluctuation of the incoming virtual photon scatters off a…
Low-altitude Gaussian splatting (LAGS) facilitates 3D scene reconstruction by aggregating aerial images from distributed drones. However, as LAGS prioritizes maximizing reconstruction quality over communication throughput, existing…
The application of the Lorentz integral transform (LIT) method to photon scattering off nuclei is presented in general. As an example, elastic photon scattering off the deuteron in the unretarded dipole approximation is considered using the…
We study relativistic scattering when one only has access to a subset of the particles, using the language of quantum measurement theory. We give an exact, non-perturbative formula for the von Neumann entanglement entropy of an apparatus…
We propose a formalism for calculating the event cross-section of parton interactions. In this formalism, we use the light-front bound-state wave function to expand scattering initial state. This leads to an expression of the cross-section…
This paper describes the reconstruction of electrons and photons with the ATLAS detector, as employed for measurements and searches exploiting the complete LHC Run 2 dataset. An improved energy clustering algorithm is introduced, and its…