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The future missions for astrophysical studies in the submillimeter region will need detectors with very high sensitivity and large field of view. Bolometer arrays can fulfill these requirements over a very broad band. We describe a…
Transit spectroscopy of habitable planets orbiting late-type stars requires high relative spectro-photometric accuracy between wavelengths during transit/eclipse observation. The spectro-photometric signal is not affected only by image…
Wide-field survey instruments are used to efficiently observe large regions of the sky. To achieve the necessary field of view, and to provide a higher signal-to-noise ratio for faint sources, many modern instruments are undersampled.…
A wide class of nonuniformly totally polarized beams is introduced that preserve their transverse polarization pattern during paraxial propagation. They are obtained as suitable combinations of Gaussian modes and find applications in…
Extra-solar planets have not been imaged directly with existing ground or space telescopes because they are too faint to be seen against the halo of the nearby bright star. Most techniques being explored to suppress the halo are achromatic,…
Microscopes and various forms of interferometers have been used for decades in optical metrology of objects that are typically larger than the wavelength of light {\lambda}. However, metrology of subwavelength objects was deemed impossible…
Technological advances will allow the placement of many Terahertz detectors at the focal plane of a single telescope. For a telescope of a given diameter and wavelength of operation, there is a limit to the number of usable detectors…
Spectrographs nominally contain a degree of quasi-static optical aberrations resulting from the quality of manufactured component surfaces, imperfect alignment, design residuals, thermal effects, and other other associated phenomena…
Astronomical adaptive optics systems with open-loop deformable mirror control have recently come on-line. In these systems, the deformable mirror surface is not included in the wavefront sensor paths, and so changes made to the deformable…
The burgeoning field of astrophotonics explores the interface between astronomy and photonics. Important applications include photonic OH suppression at near-infrared wavelengths, and integrated photonic spectroscopy. These new photonic…
Recent advances in the field of attosecond science hold the promise of tracking electronic processes at the shortest space and time scales. Imaging methods that combine attosecond temporal with nanometer spatial resolution are currently out…
Precession electron diffraction has in the past few decades become a powerful technique for structure solving, strain analysis, and orientation mapping, to name a few. One of the benefits of precessing the electron beam, is increased…
The emerging technology of large (~ 10,000 pixel) submillimeter-wave bolometer arrays presents a novel optical design problem---how can such arrays be fed by diffraction-limited telescope optics where the primary mirror is less than 100,000…
We consider a method for obtaining information on polarization of astronomical objects radiation at diffraction limited resolution - differential speckle polarimetry. As an observable we propose to use averaged cross spectrum of two…
Semiconductor pixel detectors offer features for the detection of radiation which are interesting for particle physics detectors as well as for imaging e.g. in biomedical applications (radiography, autoradiography, protein crystallography)…
We have upgraded IRCAL, the near-infrared science camera of the Lick Observatory adaptive optics system, to add a dual-channel imaging polarimetry mode. This mode uses an optically contacted YLF (LiYF_4) Wollaston prism to provide…
We experimentally and theoretically investigate in-medium propagation effects of off-resonant light in dense, spatially homogeneous ultacold atomic gases. Focussing on frequency modulation spectroscopy as the dispersive detection tool of…
The wavefront measurement of a light beam is a complex task, which often requires a series of spatially resolved intensity measurements. For instance, a detector array may be used to measure the local phase gradient in the transverse plane…
Many adaptive optics systems operate by measuring the distortion of the wavefront in one wavelength range and performing the scientific observations in a second, different wavelength range. One common technique is to measure wavefront…
Reflectometry is a technique that uses the light reflected by a sample to determine properties of the sample. Interferometric reflectometry uses interference between two beams, one of which is incident on ---and reflected back by--- a…