English
Related papers

Related papers: Tainted Evidence: Cosmological Model Selection vs.…

200 papers

Bayesian inference provides a uniquely rigorous approach to obtain principled justification for uncertainty in predictions, yet it is difficult to articulate suitably general prior belief in the machine learning context, where computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-04 Jed A. Duersch , Thomas A. Catanach

Cosmography, as an integral branch of cosmology, strives to characterize the Universe without relying on pre-determined cosmological models. This model-independent approach utilizes Taylor series expansions around the current epoch,…

General Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Seokcheon Lee

In the era of precision cosmology, even percentage level effects are significant on cosmological observables. The recent tension between the local and global values of $H_0$ is much more significant than this, and any possible solution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 Alan A. Coley , Beethoven Santos , Viraj A A Sanghai

When combining data sets to perform parameter inference, the results will be unreliable if there are unknown systematics in data or models. Here we introduce a flexible methodology, BACCUS: BAyesian Conservative Constraints and Unknown…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 José Luis Bernal , John A. Peacock

Weak gravitational lensing (WL) causes distortions of galaxy images and probes massive structures on large scales, allowing us to understand the late-time evolution of the Universe. One way to extract the cosmological information from WL is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Chieh-An Lin

Statistical modeling can involve a tension between assumptions and statistical identification. The law of the observable data may not uniquely determine the value of a target parameter without invoking a key assumption, and, while…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-06 Paul Gustafson

A popular technique for selecting and tuning machine learning estimators is cross-validation. Cross-validation evaluates overall model fit, usually in terms of predictive accuracy. In causal inference, the optimal choice of estimator…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-07 Dominik Rothenhäusler

I present a series of diagrams which illustrate why the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data favor certain values for the cosmological parameters. Various methods to extract these parameters from CMB and non-CMB observations are forming…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles H. Lineweaver

A cosmological model with total density close to critical (and flat geometry), dominated by dark matter and dark energy of unknown nature, and consistent with the basic predictions of the inflationary scenario is a very good fit to a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Balbi

We propose a novel approach using neural networks (NNs) to differentiate between cosmological models, and implemented LIME as an interpretability approach to identify the key features influencing our model's decisions. We show the potential…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-03 Indira Ocampo , George Alestas , Savvas Nesseris , Domenico Sapone

The averaging problem in cosmology is of considerable importance for the correct interpretation of cosmological data. We review cosmological observations and discuss some of the issues regarding averaging. We present a precise definition of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-07 Alan Coley

The Bayesian evidence is a key tool in model selection, allowing a comparison of models with different numbers of parameters. Its use in analysis of cosmological models has been limited by difficulties in calculating it, with current…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-01 Juan Garcia-Bellido

We re-examine a genuine power of weak lensing bispectrum tomography for constraining cosmological parameters, when combined with the power spectrum tomography, based on the Fisher information matrix formalism. To account for the full…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-21 Issha Kayo , Masahiro Takada

Over the next decade, improvements in cosmological parameter constraints will be driven by surveys of large-scale structure. Its inherent non-linearity suggests that significant information will be embedded in higher correlations beyond the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 Joyce Byun , Alexander Eggemeier , Donough Regan , David Seery , Robert E. Smith

The tightest and most robust cosmological results of the next decade will be achieved by bringing together multiple surveys of the Universe. This endeavor has to happen across multiple layers of the data processing and analysis, e.g.,…

We propose here a \emph{novel} method which singles out the \emph{a priori} unavoidable dependence on the underlying cosmological model when extracting parameter constraints, providing robust limits which only depend on the considered…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 S. Gariazzo , O. Mena

Dark matter cannot be observed directly, but its weak gravitational lensing slightly distorts the apparent shapes of background galaxies, making weak lensing one of the most promising probes of cosmology. Several observational studies have…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-18 Dezső Ribli , Bálint Ármin Pataki , István Csabai

The assumption that a complete description of an early state of the universe does not privilege any position or direction in space leads to a unified account of probability in cosmology, macroscopic physics, and quantum mechanics. Such a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-09 David Layzer

Several cosmological measurements have attained significant levels of maturity and accuracy over the last decade. Continuing this trend, future observations promise measurements of the statistics of the cosmic mass distribution at an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Salman Habib , Katrin Heitmann , David Higdon , Charles Nakhleh , Brian Williams

In this paper we consider the issue of paradigm evaluation by applying Bayes' theorem along the following nested hierarchy of progressively more complex structures: i) parameter estimation (within a model), ii) model selection and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-02 Giulia Gubitosi , Macarena Lagos , Joao Magueijo , Rupert Allison