Related papers: Dust scattering X-ray expanding rings around gamma…
Scattering by interstellar dust grains can produce time variable X-ray halos around gamma-ray bursts (GRB). In particular, an X-ray expanding ring is expected when a short pulse of X-ray radiation is scattered by a narrow layer of dust in…
Two new expanding X-ray rings were detected by the Swift XRT instrument during early follow-up observations of GRB 061019 and GRB 070129, increasing to 5 the number of dust scattering X-ray halos observed around GRBs. Although these two…
Expanding X-ray halo or rings appear when short pulses of X-ray radiation from a background source are scattered by clouds of dust in the Milky Way. We study the X-ray rings of the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A, detected by the…
The afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have commonly been assumed to be due to shocks sweeping up the circum-stellar medium. However, most GRBs have been found in dense star-forming regions where a significant fraction of the prompt…
We report the first detection of a time-dependent, dust-scattered X-ray halo around a gamma-ray burst. GRB 031203 was observed by XMM-Newton starting six hours after the burst. The halo appeared as concentric ring-like structures centered…
X-ray photons from energetic sources such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be scattered on dust clouds in the Milky Way, creating a time-evolving halo around the GRB position. X-ray observations of such halos allow the measurement of dust…
We report on the X-ray dust-scattering features observed around the afterglow of the gamma ray burst GRB 160623A. With an XMM-Newton observation carried out ~2 days after the burst, we found evidence of at least six rings, with angular size…
This paper discusses the X-ray halo around the Swift gamma-ray burst GRB 050724 (z=0.258), detected by the Swift X-Ray Telescope. The halo, which forms a ring around the fading X-ray source, expands to a radius of 200" within 8 ks of the…
The details of the spiral structure of the Milky Way are still debated due to large uncertainties in the distance estimates obtained through the most common tracers. X-ray dust scattering rings produced by short extragalactic X-ray…
There are observational facts and theoretical arguments for an origin of gamma-ray bursts in molecular clouds in distant galaxies. If this is true, one could detect a significant flux of GRB prompt and early afterglow X-ray radiation…
Scattering and absorption of X-rays by interstellar dust is calculated for a model consisting of carbonaceous grains and amorphous silicate grains. The calculations employ realistic dielectric functions with structure near X-ray absorption…
We consider the absorption and scattering of X-rays observed from the Galactic center. One objective is to characterize the intrinsic X-ray emission from the central black hole, SgrA*, in its quiescent and flaring states. We correct the…
We present the first results for the dust-scattering rings of GRB 221009A, coined as the GRB of the century, as observed by the Neil Gehrels Swift satellite. We perform analysis of both time resolved observations and stacked data. The…
Gamma-ray bursts are now known to be a cosmological population of objects, which are often accompanied by X-ray and optical afterglows. The total energy emitted in the afterglow can be similar to the energy radiated in the gamma-ray burst…
X-ray bright quasars might be used to trace dust in the circumgalactic and intergalactic medium through the phenomenon of X-ray scattering, which is observed around Galactic objects whose light passes through a sufficient column of…
High resolution X-ray imaging offers a unique opportunity to probe the nature of dust in the z ~< 2 universe. Dust grains 0.1- 1 um in size will scatter soft X-rays, producing a diffuse "halo" image around an X-ray point source, with a…
We calculate the scattering of X-rays by interstellar dust, for a dust model that reproduces the observed wavelength-dependent extinction and polarization of starlight. On interstellar sightlines that produce appreciable starlight…
Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are likely associated with the collapse of massive stars, which produce dust and are born in dusty environments. Absorption and scattering of ultraviolet/X-ray photons from the prompt, optical flash and…
Small angle scatterings of X-rays by interstellar dust particles create halos around x-ray sources. By observing these halos with sufficient angular resolution it is possible to derive information about both the spatial distribution of the…
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) usually occurs in a dense star-forming region with massive circum-burst medium. The small-angle scattering of intense prompt X-ray emission off the surrounding dust grains will have observable consequences, and…