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We present a method for extracting the expected cosmological 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization, taking into account contaminating radiations and random instrumental noise. The method is based on the maximum a-posteriori…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-21 Liron Gleser , Adi Nusser , Andrew J. Benson

Terahertz (THz) emission spectroscopy is a powerful method that allows one to measure the ultrafast dynamics of polarization, current, or magnetization in a material based on THz emission from the material. However, the practical…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-20 Wentao Zhang , Dmitry Turchinovich

Gamma-ray astronomy at energies in excess of 100 GeV is carried out using arrays of imaging Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope comprises a large reflector, of order 10 m diameter, made of many mirror facets, and a camera consisting of a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-01 Sean Griffin , David Hanna

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) need imaging optics with large apertures to map the faint Cherenkov light emitted in extensive air showers onto their image sensors. Segmented reflectors fulfill these needs using mass…

Cosmic ray electrons represent a background for gamma-ray observations with Cherenkov telescopes, initiating air-showers which are difficult to distinguish from photon-initiated showers. This similarity, however, and the presence of cosmic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-16 R. D. Parsons , J. A. Hinton , H. Schoorlemmer

Over the last decade, the Imaging Air Cerenkov technique has proven itself to be an extremely powerful means to study very energetic gamma-radiation from a number of astrophysical sources in a regime which is not practically accessible to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-24 I. de la Calle Perez , S. D. Biller

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory detects cosmic- and gamma-ray initiated air showers in the TeV energy range using 300 water Cherenkov detectors (WCDs). To improve its sensitivity at the highest energies, HAWC…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-20 Vikas Joshi , Harm Schoorlemmer

The experimental technique of fluorescence light observation is used in current and planned air shower experiments that aim at understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the fluorescence technique, the geometry of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 D. Kuempel , K. -H. Kampert , M. Risse

MAGIC is presently the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope with the largest reflecting surface and the lowest energy threshold. MAGIC concluded its first year of regular observation in April 2006. During this period and the preceding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Ciro Bigongiari

Identification of Cherenkov light generated by muons has been suggested as a promising way to dramatically improve the background rejection power of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) arrays at high energies. However, muon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-13 Laura Olivera-Nieto , Helena X. Ren , Alison M. W. Mitchell , Vincent Marandon , Jim Hinton

Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are ground-based instruments devoted to the study of very high energy gamma-rays coming from space. The detection technique consists of observing images created by the Cherenkov light emitted…

An iterative method is derived for image reconstruction. Among other attributes, this method allows constraints unrelated to the radiation measurements to be incorporated into the reconstructed image. A comparison is made with the widely…

Computational Physics · Physics 2011-01-06 Clinton DeW. Van Siclen

MAGIC is one of the main instruments for exploring the galactic gamma-ray sky from ground in the energy range of 50 GeV - 50 TeV. It consists of two 17 m diameter imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes located at the Roque de los…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-18 M. López

The planned Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a future observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy composed of one site per hemisphere. It aims at 10 times better sensitivity, a better angular resolution and wider energy…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Y. Becherini , B. Khélifi , S. Pita , M. Punch

Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detectors are a key component of particle identification systems in many particle, nuclear and astroparticle physics experiments. Their ultimate performance depends not only on detector design and hardware…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2026-03-16 Luka Santelj

MAGIC has been exploring the sky at Very High Energy gamma-rays (50 GeV - 50 TeV) since 2004, operating first with a single telescope and from 2009 with two telescopes in stereoscopic mode. MAGIC has carried out a observational program…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-10 Josep M. Paredes , MAGIC Collaboration

MAGIC is a system of two 17-m diameter Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, located at an altitude of 2200 m in Roque de los Muchachos on the Canary island of La Palma, exploring the gamma-ray sky above a few tens of GeV and up to tens…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-28 S. Mangano

Hints for a GeV component in the emission from GRBs are known since the EGRET observations during the '90s and they have been recently confirmed by the data of the Fermi satellite. These results have, however, shown that a fully…

Instruments for gamma-ray astronomy at Very High Energies ($E>100\,{\rm GeV}$) have traditionally derived their scientific results through proprietary data and software. Data standardisation has become a prominent issue in this field both…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-16 S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , V. A. Acciari , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , C. Arcaro , M. Artero , K. Asano , A. Babić , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , I. Batković , A. Bautista , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , J. Besenrieder , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Ž. Bošnjak , E. Bronzini , I. Burelli , G. Busetto , A. Campoy-Ordaz , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , M. Carretero-Castrillo , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , Y. Chai , A. Cifuentes , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , G. D'Amico , V. D'Elia , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , R. de Menezes , M. Delfino , J. Delgado , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , A. Fattorini , L. Foffano , L. Font , S. Fröse , S. Fukami , Y. Fukazawa , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , M. Gaug , J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. G. Green , P. Günther , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , L. Heckmann , J. Herrera Llorente , D. Hrupec , M. Hütten , R. Imazawa , K. Ishio , I. Jiménez Martínez , J. Jormanainen , T. Kayanoki , D. Kerszberg , G. W. Kluge , Y. Kobayashi , P. M. Kouch , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , M. Láinez , A. Lamastra , F. Leone , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , A. Lorini , E. Lyard , B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , M. Martínez-Chicharro , A. Mas-Aguilar , D. Mazin , S. Menchiari , S. Mender , D. Miceli , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero González , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , T. Nakamori , C. Nanci , V. Neustroev , L. Nickel , M. Nievas Rosillo , C. Nigro , L. Nikolić , K. Nishijima , T. Njoh Ekoume , K. Noda , S. Nozaki , Y. Ohtani , A. Okumura , J. Otero-Santos , S. Paiano , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Peresano , M. Persic , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , F. Podobnik , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , G. Principe , C. Priyadarshi , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , C. Righi , N. Sahakyan , T. Saito , F. G. Saturni , K. Schmidt , F. Schmuckermaier , J. L. Schubert , T. Schweizer , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , D. Sobczynska , A. Spolon , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , S. Suutarinen , H. Tajima , M. Takahashi , R. Takeishi , P. Temnikov , K. Terauchi , T. Terzić , M. Teshima , S. Truzzi , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , J. van Scherpenberg , M. Vazquez Acosta , S. Ventura , I. Viale , C. F. Vigorito , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , R. Walter , M. Will , C. Wunderlich , T. Yamamoto , L. Jouvin , L. Linhoff , M. Linhoff

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy aims at reconstructing the energy and direction of gamma rays from the extensive air showers they initiate in the atmosphere. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) collect the Cherenkov light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Gabriel Emery , Cyril Alispach , Mykhailo Dalchenko , Luca Foffano , Matthieu Heller , Teresa Montaruli