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We review the work and life of Otto Stern who developed the molecular beam technique and with its aid laid the foundations of experimental atomic physics. Among the key results of his research are: the experimental determination of the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 J. Peter Toennies , Horst Schmidt-Böcking , Bretislav Friedrich , Julian C. A. Lower

The origin of many elements of the periodic table remains an unsolved problem. While many nucleosynthetic channels are broadly understood, significant uncertainties remain regarding certain groups of elements such as the intermediate and…

Star-forming regions show a rich and varied chemistry, including the presence of complex organic molecules - both in the cold gas distributed on large scales, and in the hot regions close to young stars where protoplanetary disks arise.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-11 Jes K. Jorgensen , Arnaud Belloche , Robin T. Garrod

We briefly review the scientific contributions of the late Prof. Ru-Keng Su in his academic life. In the area of intermediate and high-energy nuclear physics, Su explored various topics in high-energy nuclear physics and particle physics,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Shaoyu Yin , Wei-Liang Qian , Ping Wang , Bin Wang , Rong-Gen Cai

Allan Sandage was an observational astronomer who was happiest at a telescope. On Hubble's sudden death Allan Sandage inherited the programmes using the world's largest optical telescope at Palomar to determine the distances and number…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-04-26 Donald Lynden-Bell , Francois Schweizer

This special issue of the Astroparticle Physics journal is dedicated to the memory of Thomas Korff Gaisser, the Martin A. Pomerantz Professor Emeritus of Physics at the University of Delaware. Tom was one of the most prominent scientists in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-28 Frank G. Schröder , Serap Tilav

A revolution in nuclear physics is underway. If you know hadron physics you also know that it will last long, as most past developments in nuclear physics have shown. It will take many decades of dedicated efforts of theorists and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-04-01 C. A. Bertulani

Bernie Mills is remembered globally as an influential pioneer in the evolving field of radio astronomy. His contributions with the 'Mills Cross' at the CSIRO Division of Radiophysics and later at the University of Sydney's School of Physics…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-09-12 R. H. Frater , W. M. Goss , H. W. Wendt

A short essay on the life and mathematical heritage of Coble. A substantially edited version will be part of the series of biographical memoirs of past members of the National Academy of Sciences. Version 2: minor changes. Version 3. Typo…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-07-22 János Kollár

The discovery of cosmic rays, a milestone in science, was based on the work by scientists in Europe and the New World and took place during a period characterised by nationalism and lack of communication. Many scientists that took part in…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-11-15 Alessandro De Angelis

Edwin Alfred Holmes (1839 -1919) is best remembered for his discovery of a bright comet in 1892, now known as Comet 17P/Holmes. An amateur astronomer and authority on optics, he was an original member of the BAA and contributed to its…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-06-02 Jeremy Shears

Since the mid-1920s, different strands of research used stars as "physics laboratories" for investigating the nature of matter under extreme densities and pressures, impossible to realize on Earth. To trace this process this paper is…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Luisa Bonolis

Astrochemistry plays a central role during the process of star formation, both in the primordial regime as well as in the present-day Universe. We revisit here the chemistry in both regimes, focusing first on the chemistry under close to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-25 Dominik R. G. Schleicher , Stefano Bovino , Bastian Körtgen , Tommaso Grassi , Robi Banerjee

The stellar astronomy has always been considered the fundamental source of knowledge about the basic building blocks of the universe - the stars. It has proved correctness of many physical theories - like e.g. the idea of nuclear fusion in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-20 Petr Škoda

John Barton was one of the experimental founders of particle astrophysics, working in deep underground locations all over the world. This note combines the obituary published in The Independent with a complete list of his publications.

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 John McMillan

Michel Barat passed away in November 2018 at the age of 80 after a rich career in atomic and molecular collisions. He had participated actively in formalizing to the electron promotion model, contributed to low energy reactive collisions at…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-09-23 Philippe Roncin

Asteroids and comets are remnants from the era of Solar System formation over 4.5 billion years ago, and therefore allow us to address two fundamental questions in astronomy: what was the nature of our protoplanetary disk, and how did the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-24 Yanga R. Fernandez , Jian-Yang Li , Ellen S. Howell , Laura M. Woodney

The concept of extremely dense matter at supra-nuclear density was first speculated by L. Landau in the beginning of 1930s when neutron was just discovered. A historical review on these issues not only explains the interaction between micro…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-03 Renxin Xu

These lecture notes aim to provide an introduction to dark matter from the perspective of astrophysics/cosmology. We start with a rapid overview of cosmology, including the evolution of the Universe, its thermal history and structure…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-01-26 Anne M. Green

This chapter presents a (partial) review of the information we can derive on the early history of the Solar System from radioactive nuclei of very different half-life, which were recognized to have been present alive in pristine solids. In…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 M. Busso