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Recent observational campaigns have shown that multi-planet systems seem to be abundant in our Galaxy. Moreover, it seems that these systems might have distant companions, either planets, brown-dwarfs or other stellar objects. These…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Paul Denham , Smadar Naoz , Bao-Minh Hoang , Alexander P. Stephan , Will M. Farr

We have investigated i) the formation of gravitationally bounded pairs of gas-giant planets (which we call "binary planets") from capturing each other through planet-planet dynamical tide during their close encounters and ii) the following…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 H. Ochiai , M. Nagasawa , S. Ida

We discuss the detectability of gravitationally bounded pairs of gas-giant planets (which we call "binary planets") in extrasolar planetary systems that are formed through orbital instability followed by planet-planet dynamical tides during…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 K. M. Lewis , H. Ochiai , M. Nagasawa , S. Ida

We describe the long-term evolution of compact systems of terrestrial planets, using a set of simulations that match the statistical properties of the observed exoplanet distribution. The evolution is driven by tidal dissipation in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Bradley M. S. Hansen , Norman Murray

Transiting planets in multiple-star systems, especially high-order multiples, make up a small fraction of the known planet population but provide unique opportunities to study the environments in which planets would have formed.…

The nearly circular (mean eccentricity <e>~0.06) and coplanar (mean mutual inclination <i>~3 deg) orbits of the Solar System planets motivated Kant and Laplace to put forth the hypothesis that planets are formed in disks, which has…

The orbit eccentricities of the Solar System planets are unusually low compared to the average of known exoplanetary systems. A power law correlation has previously been found between the multiplicity of a planetary system and the orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-11 Nanna Bach-Møller , Uffe Gråe Jørgensen

The richness of dynamical behavior exhibited by the rotational states of various solar system objects has driven significant advances in the theoretical understanding of their evolutionary histories. An important factor that determines…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

Observational constraints on planet spin-axis has recently become possible, and revealed a system that favors a large spin-axis misalignment, a low stellar spin-orbit misalignment and a high eccentricity. To explain the origin of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Gongjie Li

Planets that orbit only one of the stars in stellar binary systems (i.e., circumstellar) are dynamically constrained to a limited range of orbital parameters and thus understanding conditions on their stability is of great importance in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-11 Billy Quarles , Gongjie Li , Veselin Kostov , Nader Haghighipour

In the coming years, high contrast imaging surveys are expected to reveal the characteristics of the population of wide-orbit, massive, exoplanets. To date, a handful of wide planetary mass companions are known, but only one such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-08 Sarah J. Morrison , Kaitlin M. Kratter

The majority of binary star systems that host exoplanets will spend the first portion of their lives within a star-forming cluster that may drive dynamical evolution of the binary-planet system. We perform numerical simulations of S-type…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-03 Elizabeth A. Ellithorpe , Nathan A. Kaib

The Kepler space mission has detected a large number of exoplanets in multiple transiting planet systems. Previous studies found that these Kepler multiple planet systems exhibit an intra-system uniformity, namely planets in the same system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-30 Chao-Feng Jiang , Ji-Wei Xie , Ji-Lin Zhou

Recent discoveries of several transiting planets with clearly non-zero eccentricities and some large inclinations started changing the simple picture of close-in planets having circular and well-aligned orbits. Two major scenarios to form…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Soko Matsumura , Stanton J. Peale , Frederic A. Rasio

Binary systems are very common among field stars. While this relatively small number of planets in binaries is probably partly due to strong observational biases, there is, however, statistical evidence that planets are indeed less frequent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-28 Francesco Marzari , Philippe Thebault

Short-period super-Earths and mini-Neptunes encircle more than $\sim50\%$ of Sun-like stars and are relatively amenable to direct observational characterization. Despite this, environments in which these planets accrete are difficult to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-04 Max Goldberg , Konstantin Batygin

We revisit the tidal stability of extrasolar systems harboring a transiting planet and demonstrate that, independently of any tidal model, none but one (HAT-P-2b) of these planets has a tidal equilibrium state, which implies ultimately a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 B. Levrard , C. Winisdoerffer , G. Chabrier

Exoplanets are often found with short periods or high eccentricities, and multiple-planet systems are often in resonance. They require dynamical theories that describe more extreme motions than those of the relatively placid planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-22 Daniel C. Fabrycky

Recently, the Kepler Space Telescope has detected several planets in orbit around a close binary star system. These so-called circumbinary planets will experience non-trivial spatial and temporal distributions of radiative flux on their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Duncan H. Forgan , Alexander Mead , Charles S. Cockell , John A. Raven

We determine the orbital eccentricities of individual small Kepler planets, through a combination of asteroseismology and transit light-curve analysis. We are able to constrain the eccentricities of 51 systems with a single transiting…