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We compile a holistic scenario for molecular cloud (MC) evolution and control of the star formation efficiency (SFE), and present a first set of numerical tests of it. A {\it lossy} compressible cascade can generate density fluctuations and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 E. Vazquez-Semadeni , J. Ballesteros-Paredes , R. S. Klessen

We present measurements of the star formation efficiency (SFE) in 3D numerical simulations of driven turbulence in supercritical, ideal-MHD, and non-magnetic regimes, characterized by their mean normalized mass-to-flux ratio $\mu$, all with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni , Jongsoo Kim , Javier Ballesteros-Paredes

We review the properties of turbulent molecular clouds (MCs), focusing on the physical processes that influence star formation (SF). MC formation appears to occur during large-scale compression of the diffuse ISM driven by supernovae,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Ballesteros-Paredes , R. S. Klessen , M. -M. Mac Low , E. Vazquez-Semadeni

We suggest that molecular cloud (MC) turbulence is a consequence of the very process of MC formation by collisions of larger-scale flows in the diffuse atomic gas, which generate turbulence in the accumulated gas through bending- mode…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni , Javier Ballesteros-Paredes , Ralf Klessen

We study the star formation efficiency (SFE) in simulations and observations of turbulent, magnetized, molecular clouds. We find that the probability density functions (PDFs) of the density and the column density in our simulations with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-14 Christoph Federrath , Ralf S. Klessen

Supersonic turbulence plays a dual role in molecular clouds: On one hand, it contributes to the global support of the clouds, while on the other it promotes the formation of small-scale density fluctuations, identifiable with clumps and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-11 Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni

Molecular clouds are supported by turbulence and magnetic fields, but quantifying their influence on cloud lifecycle and star formation efficiency (SFE) remains an open question. We perform radiation MHD simulations of star-forming giant…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-05-05 Jeong-Gyu Kim , Eve C. Ostriker , Nina Filippova

Star formation is inefficient. Recent advances in numerical simulations and theoretical models of molecular clouds show that the combined effects of interstellar turbulence, magnetic fields and stellar feedback can explain the low…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Christoph Federrath

We investigate the response of the star formation efficiency (SFE) to the main parameters of simulations of molecular cloud formation by the collision of warm diffuse medium (WNM) cylindrical streams, neglecting stellar feedback and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 Yetli Rosas-Guevara , Enrique Vazquez-Semadeni , Gilberto C. Gomez , A. -Katharina Jappsen

We present magnetohydrodynamic simulations aimed at studying the effect of the magnetic suppression of turbulence (generated through various instabilities during the formation of molecular clouds by converging) on the subsequent star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-08 Zamora-Avilés Manuel , Vázquez-Semadeni Enrique , Körtgen Bastian , Banerjee Robi , Hartmann Lee

Radiation feedback from stellar clusters is expected to play a key role in setting the rate and efficiency of star formation in giant molecular clouds (GMCs). To investigate how radiation forces influence realistic turbulent systems, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-05 Sudhir Raskutti , Eve C. Ostriker , M. Aaron Skinner

We examine the physical parameters that affect the accumulation of gas in molecular clouds to high column densities where the formation of stars takes place. In particular, we analyze the dense gas mass fraction (DGMF) in a set of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Jouni Kainulainen , Christoph Federrath , Thomas Henning

We study the formation of giant dense cloud complexes and of stars within them by means of SPH numerical simulations of the mildly supersonic collision of gas streams (``inflows'') in the warm neutral medium (WNM). The resulting…

We derive and compare six theoretical models for the star formation rate (SFR) - the Krumholz & McKee (KM), Padoan & Nordlund (PN), and Hennebelle & Chabrier (HC) models, and three multi-freefall versions of these, suggested by HC - all…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 Christoph Federrath , Ralf S. Klessen

Measurements of the star formation efficiency (SFE) of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the Milky Way generally show a large scatter, which could be intrinsic or observational. We use magnetohydrodynamic simulations of GMCs (including…

Star formation is inefficient. Only a few percent of the available gas in molecular clouds forms stars, leading to the observed low star formation rate (SFR). The same holds when averaged over many molecular clouds, such that the SFR of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-13 Christoph Federrath

Star formation is inefficient. Only a few percent of the available gas in molecular clouds forms stars, leading to the observed low star formation rate (SFR). The same holds when averaged over many molecular clouds, such that the SFR of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-22 Christoph Federrath

We discuss the dependence of various properties of the star formation rate (SFR) and efficiency (SFE) in molecular clouds (MCs) on the maximum mass reached by the clouds, based on a previously-published model for MC and SFR evolution in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Manuel Zamora-Avilés , Enrique Vázquez-Semadeni

Predicting the star formation rate (SFR) in galaxies is crucial to understand their evolution and morphology. To do so requires a fine understanding of how dense structures of gas are created and collapse. In that, turbulence and gravity…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-02 Noé Brucy , Patrick Hennebelle , Tine Colman , Ralf S. Klessen , Corentin Le Yhuelic

We compute the star formation rate (SFR) in molecular clouds (MCs) that originate {\it ab initio} in a new, higher-resolution simulation of supernova-driven turbulence. Because of the large number of well-resolved clouds with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-10 Paolo Padoan , Troels Haugbølle , Åke Nordlund , Søren Frimann
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