Related papers: Dense Matter in Compact Stars: Theoretical Develop…
Topical problems in the physics of and basic facts about neutron stars are reviewed. The observational manifestations of neutron stars, their core and envelope structure, magnetic fields, thermal evolution, and masses and radii are briefly…
This thesis explores compact objects, particularly neutron stars, focusing on their properties, classification, and stability within the framework of general relativity. Two distinct studies are presented. The first study examines the…
Stars are usually faint point sources and investigating their surfaces and interiors observationally is very demanding. Here I give a review on the state-of-the-art observing techniques and recent results on studying interiors and surface…
Recent advances in nuclear theory combined with new astrophysical observations have led to the need for specific theoretical models that actually apply to phenomena on dense-matter physics. At the same time, quantum chromodynamics (QCD)…
Neutron stars are one of the most extreme objects in the universe, with densities that can exceed those of atomic nuclei and gravitational fields that are among the strongest known. Theoretical and observational research on neutron stars…
Accurate determinations of masses and radii in binary stars, along with estimates of the effective temperatures, metallicities, and other properties, have long been used to test models of stellar evolution. As might be expected,…
In this lecture, we give a first introduction to neutron stars, based on fundamental physical principles. After outlining their amazing macroscopic properties, as obtained from observations, we infer the extreme conditions of matter in…
When nuclear matter reaches a high enough density, we expect that the nucleons will overlap so much as to lose their separate identities, and merge into quark matter. In this talk I will review some theoretical expectations and speculations…
Recent years have seen some significant progress in theoretical studies of physics of dense matter. Combined with the observational data now available from the successful launch of Chandra and XMM/Newton X-ray space missions as well as…
Black holes and neutron stars present extreme forms of matter that cannot be created as such in a laboratory on Earth. Instead, we have to observe and analyze the experiments that are ongoing in the Universe. The most telling observations…
The cores of compact stars reach the highest densities in nature and therefore could consist of novel phases of matter. We demonstrate via a detailed analysis of pulsar evolution that precise pulsar timing data can constrain the star's…
Using studies of nearby star formation with Spitzer, I will argue that star formation is restricted to dense cores within molecular clouds. The nature of these dense cores and their connection to star formation will be discussed. Their…
This paper is devoted to the study of stellar evolution of compact objects whose energy density and pressure of the fluid are interlinked by means of MIT bag model and a realistic polytropic equation of state in the scenario of $f(R,T,Q)$…
Observations of circumstellar disks around stars as a function of stellar properties such as mass, metallicity, multiplicity, and age, provide constraints on theories concerning the formation and evolution of planetary systems. Utilizing…
We review recent work that investigates the formation of stellar clusters, ranging in scale from globular clusters through open clusters to the small scale aggregates of stars observed in T associations. In all cases, recent advances in…
A compact star with superconducting quark core, the hadron crust and the mixed phase between the two is considered. The quark meson coupling model for hadron matter and the color flavor locked quark model for quark matter is used in order…
Compact groups of galaxies have posed a number of challenging questions. Intensive observational and theoretical studies are now providing answers to many of these, and at the same time, are revealing unexpected new clues about the nature…
The precision era of multi-messenger astronomy, together with modern astrophysical, cosmological, and gravitational wave observations, increasingly points toward the existence of a ``dark" sector that cannot be explained within the…
This paper reviews the chemistry of star-forming regions, with an emphasis on the formation of high-mass stars. We first outline the basic molecular processes in dense clouds, their implementation in chemical models, and techniques to…
The past century of interstellar dust has brought us from first ignoring it to finding that it is an important component of the interstellar medium and plays an important role in the evolution of galaxies, the formation of stars and…