Related papers: Strange Exotic States and Compact Stars
In this lecture, we give a first introduction to neutron stars, based on fundamental physical principles. After outlining their outstanding macroscopic properties, as obtained from observations, we infer the extreme conditions of matter in…
The measurement of the mass 1.97 +/- 0.04 M_sun for PSR J1614-2230 provides a new constraint on the equation of state and composition of matter at high densities. In this contribution we investigate the possibility that the dense cores of…
The equation of state for compact stars is reviewed with special emphasis on the role of strange hadrons, strange dibaryons and strange quark matter. Implications for the properties of compact stars are presented. The importance of neutron…
The equations of state for neutron matter, strange and non-strange hadronic matter in a chiral SU(3) quark mean field model are applied in the study of slowly rotating neutron stars and hadronic stars. The radius, mass, moment of inertia,…
We explore the possibility of three phases in the core of neutron star in a form of triple layers. From the center, strange quark matter, kaon condensed nuclear matter and nuclear matter form a triple layer. We discuss how the phase of…
Based on observational facts and a variety of theoretical arguments we discuss in this work the possibility that pulsars in Low-Mass Binary Pulsar systems could be strange stars rather than neutron stars. It is shown that, although subject…
The recent precise measurement of the mass of pulsar PSR J1614$-$2230, as well as observational indications of even more massive neutron stars, has revived the question of the composition of matter at the high densities prevailing inside…
Strange quark matter could be found in the core of neutron stars or forming strange quark stars. As is well known, these astrophysical objects are endowed with strong magnetic fields which affect the microscopic properties of matter and…
According to the strange quark matter hypothesis, pulsars may actually be strange stars composed of self-bound strange quark matter. The normal matter crust of a strange star, unlike that of a normal neutron star, is supported by a strong…
It is generally agreed on that the tremendous densities reached in the centers of neutron stars provide a high-pressure environment in which several intriguing particles processes may compete with each other. These range from the generation…
We discuss possible scenarios for the existence of strange matter in compact stars. The appearance of hyperons leads to a hyperon puzzle in ab-initio approaches based on effective baryon-baryon potentials but is not a severe problem in…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions offer the possibility to produce exotic metastable states of nuclear matter containing (roughly) equal number of strangeness compared to the content in baryon number. The reasoning of both their stability…
According to the strange quark matter hypothesis, strange planets may exist, which are planetary mass objects composed of almost equal numbers of up, down and strange quarks. A strange planet can revolve around its host strange star in a…
It is a pity that the real state of matter in pulsar-like stars is still not determined confidently because of the uncertainty about cold matter at supranuclear density, even 40 years after the discovery of pulsar. Nuclear matter (related…
The existence of strange matter in compact stars may pose striking sequels of the various physical phenomena. As an alternative to neutron stars, a new class of compact stars called strange stars should exist if the strange matter…
Neutron stars with extremely high central energy density are natural laboratories to investigate the appearance and the properties of compactified extra dimensions with small compactification radius, if they exist. Using the same formalism,…
Contrary to young neutron stars, young strange stars are not subject to the r-mode instability which slows rapidly rotating, hot neutron stars to rotation periods near 10 ms via gravitational wave emission. Young millisecond pulsars are…
It is generally agreed on that the tremendous densities reached in the centers of neutron stars provide a high-pressure environment in which numerous novel particles processes are likely to compete with each other. These processes range…
The exact composition of a specific class of compact stars, historically referred to as "neutron stars", is still quite unknown. Possibilities ranging from hadronic to quark degrees of freedom, including self-bound versions of the latter…
The bulk viscosity in quark matter is sufficiently high to reduce the effective pressure below the corresponding vapor pressure during density perturbations in neutron stars and strange stars. This leads to mechanical instability where the…