Related papers: El Roque de Los Muchachos site characteristics, I.…

In this paper we study the abilities of an atmospherical mesoscale model in forecasting the classical atmospherical parameters relevant for astronomical applications at the surface layer (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative…

Extinction coefficients and sensitivity values in the JHKL band-passes measured on nearly 200 nights of observing between 1978 and 1992 on the 1.5-meter and the Blanco 4- meter telescopes at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory are…

The results of an analysis of temperature variations in the mesopause region based on long-term measurements of hydroxyl airglow at the Zvenigorod Scientific Station of the A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS (ZSS IAP RAS) in…

Daily temperature anomaly records are analyzed (61 for Australia, 18 for Hungary) by means of detrended fluctuation analysis. Positive long range asymptotic correlations extending up to 5-10 years are detected for each case. Contrary to…

High quality observations of the low degree p-modes exist for almost two complete solar cycles using the solar spectrophotometer Mark-I, located and operating at the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife, Spain). In this work, the observations…

Ground-based observations of Very High Energy (VHE) gamma rays from extreme astrophysical sources are significantly influenced by atmospheric conditions. This is due to the atmosphere being an integral part of the detector when utilizing…

Numerical model forecasts of near-surface temperatures are prone to error. This is because terrain can exert a strong influence on temperature that is not captured in numerical weather models due to spatial resolution limitations. To…

The importance of the sea ice retreat in the polar regions for the global warming and the role of ice-albedo feedback was recognized by various authors [1,2]. Similar to a recent study of the phenomenon in the Arctic [3] we present a…

This study investigates climate change impacts on Moroccan Atlantic coastal upwelling (21$^{\circ}$--35$^{\circ}$N), analyzing interrelationships among the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Coastal Upwelling Index (CUI), and Sea Surface…

Maunakea is one of the world's primary sites for astronomical observing, with multiple telescopes operating over sub-millimeter to optical wavelengths. With its summit higher than 4200 meters above sea level, Maunakea is an ideal location…

We present the overview of the MOSE project (MOdeling ESO Sites) aiming at proving the feasibility of the forecast of the classical atmospherical parameters (wind speed intensity and direction, temperature, relative humidity) and the…

Studies conducted by the UK Met Office reported significant skill at predicting the winter NAO index with their seasonal prediction system. At the same time, a very low signal-to-noise ratio was observed, as measured using the `ratio of…

We present weather statistics for thirteen years of data gathered with the meteorological stations at Observatorio Astron\'omico Nacional in the Sierra San Pedro M\'artir (OAN-SPM) over the period 2007-2019. These weather stations include…

We discuss observations of the weak first overtone CO absorption band near 2300 nm with the U.S. National Solar Observatory Array Camera (NAC), a modern mid-infrared detector. This molecular band provides a thermal diagnostic that forms…

Changes in the sky noise spectrum are used to characterize perturbations in the ionosphere. Observations were made at the same sidereal time on multiple days using a calibrated broadband dipole and radio spectrometer covering 80 to 185 MHz.…

Results from the third campaign of a ground-based multi-band observation of the millimeter emission of the sky from Tenerife (Canary Islands) are presented. The instrument consists of a 0.45 meter diameter off-axis telescope equipped with a…

Since more than two years, the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) is operating successfully at the Canary Island of La Palma. Apart from its purpose to serve as a monitoring facility for the brightest TeV blazars, it was built as a…

Spectral variability is the main tool for constraining emission models of BL Lac objects. By means of systematic observations of the BL Lac prototype PKS 2155-304 in the infrared-optical band, we explore variability on the scales of months,…

The Earth's atmosphere affects ground-based astronomical observations. Scattering, absorption, and radiation processes deteriorate the signal-to-noise ratio of the data received. For scheduling astronomical observations it is, therefore,…

We present new optical turbulence structure parameter measurements, C_n^2, over sea water between La Parguera and Magueyes Island (17.6N 67W) on the southwest coast of Puerto Rico. The 600 meter horizontal paths were located approximately…