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We review observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. Redshift and peculiar velocity surveys, radio sources, the X-Ray Background, the Lyman-alpha forest and the Cosmic Microwave Background are used to set…
In this review, I outline the use of galaxy correlations to constrain cosmological parameters. As with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the density of dark and baryonic matter imprints important scales on the fluctuations of matter…
We investigate the potentiality of using strong lensing clusters to constrain the cosmological parameters Omega_m and Omega_lambda. The existence of a multiple image system with known redshift allows, for a given (Omega_m, Omega_lambda)…
The recent observations support that our universe is flat and expanding with acceleration. A quintessence model with a general relation between the quintessence potential and the quintessence kinetic energy was proposed to explain the…
In this mini-review we discuss first why we should investigate cosmological models beyond LCDM. We then show how to describe dark energy or modified gravity models in a fluid language with the help of one background and two perturbation…
We present constraints on the mean matter density, Omega_m, the normalization of the density fluctuation power spectrum, sigma_8, and the dark-energy equation-of-state parameter, w, obtained from measurements of the X-ray luminosity…
We apply the $Om$ diagnostic to models for dark energy based on scalar fields. In case of the power law potentials, we demonstrate the possibility of slowing down the expansion of the Universe around the present epoch for a specific range…
We revisit the observational constraints on spatial curvature following recent claims that the Planck data favour a closed Universe. We use a new and statistically powerful Planck likelihood to show that the Planck temperature and…
We compare and combine likelihood functions of the cosmological parameters Omega_m, h and sigma_8, from peculiar velocities, CMB and type Ia supernovae. These three data sets directly probe the mass in the Universe, without the need to…
We study some cosmological constraints on the two phenomenological models of oscillating dark energy. In these scenarios, the equation of state of dark energy varies periodically and may provide a way to unify the early acceleration…
The Standard Model of cosmology states a surprising composition of the Universe, in which ordinary matter accounts for less than 5%. The remaining 95% are composed of ~70% Dark Energy and ~25% Dark Matter. However, those two components have…
Using N-body simulations of flat, dark energy dominated cosmologies, we show that galaxies around simulated binary systems resembling the Local Group (LG) have low peculiar velocities, in good agreement with observational data. We have…
We consider the cosmological evolution of a bulk scalar field and ordinary matter living on the brane world in the light of the constraints imposed by the matter dominated cosmological evolution and a small cosmological constant now. We…
We investigate how the properties of dark energy affect the cosmological measurements of neutrino mass and extra relativistic degrees of freedom. We limit ourselves to the most basic extensions of $\Lambda$ cold dark matter (CDM) model,…
Motivated by the cosmological constant and the coincidence problems, we consider a cosmological model where the cosmological constant $\Lambda_0$ is replaced by a cosmological term $\Lambda(t)$ which is allowed to vary in time. More…
We establish new constraints on $f(T)$ gravity models by using cosmological data. In particular, we investigate the restrictions given by the gas mass fraction measurements of galaxy clusters and transversal BAO data. Both data sets are…
We investigate the cosmological consequences of a brane-world theory which incorporates time variations in the gravitational coupling G and the cosmological term Lambda. We analyze in detail the model where (dG/dt)/G ~ H and Lambda ~ H^2,…
Because the baryon-to-photon ratio eta_{10} is in some doubt, we drop nucleosynthetic constraints on eta_{10} and fit the three cosmological parameters (h, Omega_M, eta_{10}) to four observational constraints: Hubble parameter h_o =…
We use strongly gravitationally lensed (SGL) systems to put additional constraints on a set of holographic dark energy models. Data available in the literature (redshift and velocity dispersion) is used to obtain the Einstein radius and…
We report measurements of the mass density, Omega_M, and cosmological-constant energy density, Omega_Lambda, of the universe based on the analysis of 42 Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project. The…