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The Fermi and Swift satellites, together with ground based Cherenkov telescopes, has greatly improved our knowledge of blazars, namely Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and BL Lac objects, since all but the most powerful emit most of their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 G. Ghisellini

We have not identified for sure what is the mechanism launching, accelerating and collimating relativistic jets. The two most likely possibilities are the gravitational energy of the accreting matter or the rotational energy of a spinning…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-21 Gabriele Ghisellini

Blazars are the brightest and most abundant persistent sources in the extragalactic gamma-ray sky. Due to their significance, they are often observed across various energy bands to explore potential correlations between emissions at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-22 P. Giommi , N. Sahakyan , D. Israyelyan , M. Manvelyan

The studies and constraints on the emission region are crucial to the blazar radiation mechanism. Yet the previous works mainly focus on individual sources. In this work, we make use of the largest and the latest spectral energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-17 Junhui Fan , Hubing Xiao , Wenxin Yang , Lixia Zhang , Anton A. Strigachev , Rumen S. Bachev , Jianghe Yang

We will present a summary of the observations of blazars by the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO). EGRET has detected high energy gamma-ray emission at energies greater than 100 MeV…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 R. Mukherjee

Detection of blazar pc scale counter-jets is difficult, but it can provide invaluable insight into the relativistic effects, radiative processes and the complex mechanisms of jet production, collimation and accelation in blazars. We build…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-14 I. Liodakis , V. Pavlidou , E. Angelakis

The empirical relations in the black hole-accretion disk-relativistic jet system and physical processes behind these relations are still poorly understood, partly because they operate close to the black hole within the central light year.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Tigran G. Arshakian , Vahram Chavushyan

AGNs are believed to be the source of very energetic cosmic rays which, in turn, produce gamma rays throughout the interactions with matter. Therefore, the study of their very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray spectra is fundamental to understand…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-10 Mateo Fernandez Alonso , Ana Pichel , Adrian C. Rovero

In the recently published 3FGL catalogue, the Fermi/LAT collaboration reports the detection of $\gamma$-ray emission from 3034 sources obtained after four years of observations. The nature of 1010 of those sources is unknown, whereas 2023…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-21 J. Lefaucheur , S. Pita

Blazar radiation is dominated by a relativistic jet which can be modeled at first approximation using just two intrinsic parameters - the Lorentz factor $\Gamma$ and the viewing angle $\theta$. Blazar jet observations are often beamed due…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-29 Payaswini Saikia , Elmar Körding , Heino Falcke

Gamma rays with energy above 10 GeV interact with optical-UV photons resulting in pair production. Therefore, a large sample of high redshift sources of these gamma rays can be used to probe the extragalactic background starlight (EBL) by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew Chen , Luis C. Reyes , Steven Ritz

The characteristic properties of blazars (rapid variability, strong polarization, high brightness) are widely attributed to a powerful relativistic jet oriented close to our line of sight. Despite the spectral energy distributions (SEDs)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 E. J. D. Jolley , Z. Kuncic , G. V. Bicknell , S. Wagner

MOJAVE is a long term VLBA program to investigate the kinematics and polarization evolution of a complete sample of 133 active galactic nuclei selected on the basis of compact, relativistically beamed jet emission at 15 GHz. By fitting to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Matthew L. Lister

In the 1990s a comparison of sparse EGRET measurements with single-dish flux density monitoring from the Metsahovi and UMRAO programs established a temporal connection between the onset of flaring at radio band and the occurrence of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-07-05 Margo F. Aller , Philip A. Hughes , Hugh D. Aller

Blazars are strongly variable sources that occasionally show spectacular flares visible in various energy bands. These flares are often, but not always, correlated. In a number of cases the peaks of optical flares are found to be somewhat…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Mateusz Janiak , Marek Sikora , Krzysztof Nalewajko , Rafał Moderski , Greg M. Madejski

Published EGRET spectra from blazars extend only to 10 GeV, yet EGRET has detected approximately 2000 gamma-rays above 10 GeV of which about half are at high Galactic latitude. We report a search of these high-energy gamma-rays for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Brenda L. Dingus , David L. Bertsch

The Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) discovered gamma-ray emission from more than 67 blazars during its 9 yr lifetime. We conducted an exhaustive search of the EGRET archives and…

We have recently proposed a simplified scenario for blazars in which these sources are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars or BL Lacs according to the prescriptions of unified schemes, and to a varying combination of Doppler boosted…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 P. Padovani , P. Giommi

We report on the Swift/XRT observation and classification of eleven blazar candidates at $z>4$. These sources were selected as part of a sample of extremely radio-loud quasars, in order to focus on quasars with jets oriented roughly close…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-27 Tullia Sbarrato , Gabriele Ghisellini , Gianpiero Tagliaferri , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Giancarlo Ghirlanda , Luigi Costamante

We examine the constraints on the luminosity-dependent density evolution model for the evolution of blazars given the observed spectrum of the diffuse gamma-ray background (DGRB), blazar source-count distribution, and the blazar spectral…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Kevork N. Abazajian , Steve Blanchet , J. Patrick Harding