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Evidence suggests that the gamma-ray burst (GRB) ejecta is likely magnetized, although the degree of magnetization of the ejecta is unknown. We derive a rigorous analytical solution for the relativistic 90 degree shocks under the ideal MHD…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Bing Zhang , Shiho Kobayashi

The afterglow emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is a valuable source of information to understand the physics of these energetic explosions. The blast wave model has become the standard to describe the evolution of the afterglow…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-20 M. D. Aksulu , R. A. M. J. Wijers , H. J. van Eerten , A. J. van der Horst

The determination of distances is highly constrained to a small number of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) because it requires observations at different wavelengths. Some empirical functions to estimate redshifts have been identified using…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 J. Rodrigo Sacahui , M. Antonio Morales , M. Magdalena González

Gamma-ray burst (GRB) engines are probed most intimately during the prompt gamma-ray luminous phase when the expanding blast wave is closest to the explosion center. Using GRBs 990123 and 940217 as guides, we briefly review observations of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Charles D. Dermer , James Chiang

Using multiple observational arguments, recent work has shown that cosmological GRBs are typically viewed at angles within, or close to the cores of their relativistic jets. One of those arguments relied on the lack of tens-of-days-long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-22 Paz Beniamini , Raphael Duque , Frederic Daigne , Robert Mochkovitch

The jet structure of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) has been controversial after the detection of GRB 170817A as the electromagnetic counterparts to the gravitational wave event GW170817. Different authors use different jet structures for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-20 Kazuya Takahashi , Kunihito Ioka

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are luminous stellar explosions characterized by the ejection of relativistic jets. This work proposes a novel paradigm to study these GRB jets. By analyzing the timing information of prompt pulses and X-ray flares,…

ECLAIRs is the next space borne instrument that will be fully dedicated to multi-wavelength studies of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). It consists of a coded mask telescope with a wide (~2 sr) field of view, made of 6400 CdTe pixels (~1000 cm^2),…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Diego Gotz

The simplest model of the afterglows of the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) envisions a spherical blast wave with a power-law distribution of electron energy above some cutoff running into a constant density medium. A refinement involves a narrow…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Zhi-Yun Li , Roger A. Chevalier

We investigate wheter there is any correlation between the X-ray afterglow luminosity and the prompt emission properties of a carefully selected sub-sample of bright Swift long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) nearly complete in redshift (~90%).…

The structure of Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) jets impacts on their prompt and afterglow emission properties. The jet of GRBs could be uniform, with constant energy per unit solid angle within the jet aperture, or it could instead be structured,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 A. Pescalli , G. Ghirlanda , O. S. Salafia , G. Ghisellini , F. Nappo , R. Salvaterra

The dynamics of GRB jets during the afterglow phase is most reliably and accurately modelled using hydrodynamic simulations. All published simulations, however, have considered only a uniform external medium, while a stratified external…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Fabio De Colle , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Jonathan Granot , Diego Lopez-Camara

Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows arise from the interaction of relativistic ejecta with the circumburst medium and are observed across the electromagnetic spectrum. Afterglow polarisation is expected at early and late phases depending on…

Using data mostly assembled by previous authors, we consider the linear correlation between the apparent radiative efficiency $\epsilon_{\gamma}$ (defined as the ratio of isotropic equivalent radiative output to inferred isotropic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 David Eichler Daniel Jontof-Hutter

The detection of an afterglow, following a gamma-ray burst (GRB), can be described reasonably well by synchrotron emission from a relativistic spherical expanding blast wave, driven by an expanding fireball. We perform detailed calculations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-17 Jonathan Granot , Tsvi Piran , Re'em Sari

A number of correlations between observables have been found to exist for gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows, linking ejecta energy to prompt and afterglow energy release and linking early stage optical and X-ray luminosity to the end times…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-19 Hendrik van Eerten

We show that simple kinematic arguments can give limits on the timescale and amplitude of variabilities in gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows, especially when the variability timescale is shorter than the observed time since the burst \Delta…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kunihito Ioka , Shiho Kobayashi , Bing Zhang

Aims. The aim of the study is to constrain the physics of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by analysing the multi-wavelength afterglow data set of GRB 121024A that covers the full range from radio to X-rays. Methods. Using multi-epoch broad-band…

According to popular progenitor models of gamma-ray bursts, twin jets should be launched by the central engine, with a forward jet moving toward the observer and a receding jet (or the counter jet) moving backwardly. However, in calculating…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-13 Xin Wang , Y. F. Huang , Si-Wei Kong

A comprehensive understanding of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) has been elusive due to the variety of questions surrounding the radiation mechanism at play in these events. Polarization measurements of GRBs can heavily constrain the relevant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-01 Tyler Parsotan , Diego Lopez-Camara , Davide Lazzati