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The universe is magnetized on all scales probed so far. On the largest scales, galaxies and galaxy clusters host magnetic fields at the micro Gauss level coherent on scales up to ten kpc. Recent observational evidence suggests that even the…
In this paper we show that the Universe is already strongly magnetized at very early epochs during cosmic evolution. Our calculations are based on the efficient amplification of weak magnetic seed fields, which are unavoidably present in…
Dynamical extra dimensions break the conformal invariance of Maxwell's equations in four dimensions. A higher dimensional background with $n$ contracting extra dimensions and four expanding dimensions is matched to an effectively four…
Problems and perspectives concerning the existence of large-scale magnetic fields are described. Heeding observations, possible origins and implications of magnetic fields in spiral galaxies and in regular clusters are scrutinized in…
Cosmic strings are a type of cosmic defect formed by a symmetry-breaking phase transition in the early universe. Individual strings would have gathered to build a network, and their dynamical motion would induce scalar--, vector-- and…
We demonstrate that the MSSM flat directions can naturally account for the seed magnetic fields in the early Universe. The non-zero vacuum expectation value of an MSSM flat direction condensate provides masses to the gauge fields and…
We study the magnetic fields generation from the cosmological first-order electroweak phase transition. We calculate the magnetic field induced by the variation of the Higgs phase for two bubbles and three bubbles collisions. Our study…
The existence of magnetic fields in the universe is unmistakable. They are observed at all scales from stars to galaxy clusters. However, the origin of these fields remains enigmatic. It is believed that magnetic field seeds may have…
In this talk, I review a number of particle-physics models that lead to the creation of magnetic fields in the early universe and address the complex problem of evolving such primordial magnetic fields into the fields observed today.…
The simulations of the formation of cosmological structure allows to determine the spatial inhomogeneity of cosmic magnetic fields. Such simulations, however, do not give an absolute number for the strength of the magnetic field due to…
A variety of observations impose upper limits at the nano Gauss level on magnetic fields that are coherent on inter-galactic scales while blazar observations indicate a lower bound $\sim 10^{-16}$ Gauss. Such magnetic fields can play an…
We study the effect of variations of the electromagnetic coupling on the process of generation of primordial magnetic fields. We find that only through a significant growth of the electromagnetic coupling minimum seed fields can be…
The origin of large scale magnetic fields in the Universe is widely thought to be from early Universe processes, like inflation or phase transitions. These magnetic fields evolve via magnetohydrodynamic processes until the epoch of…
The origin of galactic and extra-galactic magnetic fields is an unsolved problem in modern cosmology. A possible scenario comes from the idea of these fields emerged from a small field, a seed, which was produced in the early universe…
(abridged) A detailed examination of the evolution of stochastic magnetic fields between high cosmic temperatures and the present epoch is presented. A simple analytical model matching the results of the 3D MHD simulations allows for the…
Evidences indicate that the dark energy constitutes about two thirds of the critical density of the universe. If the dark energy is an evolving pseudo scalar field that couples to electromagnetism, a cosmic magnetic seed field can be…
Most early Universe scenarios predict negligible magnetic fields on cosmological scales if they are unprocessed during subsequent expansion of the Universe. We present a new numerical treatment of the evolution of primordial fields and…
We consider the possibility that cosmic magnetic field, instead of being uniformly distributed, is strongly correlated with the large scale structure of the universe. Then, the observed rotational measure of extra-galactic radio sources…
Building on earlier work, we develop an equation-of-motion method for calculating magnetic seed fields generated from currents arising from charged W fields in bubble collisions during a first-order primordial electroweak phase transition…
We explore the possibility of generating large-scale magnetic fields from second-order cosmological perturbations during the pre-recombination era. The key process for this is Thomson scattering between the photons and the charged particles…