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Determining the presence of widely separated substellar-mass companion is crucial to understand the dynamics of inner planets in extrasolar planetary systems (e.g. to explain their high mean eccentricity as inner planets are perturbed by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Alan Hulsebus , Massimo Marengo , Joe Carson , Karl Stapelfeldt

We have carried out an L' and M band Adaptive Optics (AO) extrasolar planet imaging survey of 54 nearby, sunlike stars using the Clio camera at the MMT. Our survey concentrates more strongly than all others to date on very nearby F, G, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. N. Heinze , Philip M. Hinz , Matthew Kenworthy , Michael Meyer , Suresh Sivanandam , Douglas Miller

A large number of direct imaging surveys for exoplanets have been performed in recent years, yielding the first directly imaged planets and providing constraints on the prevalence and distribution of wide planetary systems. However, like…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-07 Mariangela Bonavita , Silvano Desidera , Christian Thalmann , Markus Janson , Arthur Vigan , Gael Chauvin , Justine Lannier

Multi-star systems are common, yet little is known about a stellar companion's influence on the formation and evolution of planetary systems. For instance, stellar companions may have facilitated the inward migration of hot Jupiters towards…

Direct imaging has confirmed the existence of substellar companions on wide orbits. To understand the formation and evolution mechanisms of these companions, the full population properties must be characterized. We aim at detecting giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 J. Rameau , G. Chauvin , A. -M. Lagrange , H. Klahr , M. Bonnefoy , C. Mordasini , M. Bonavita , S. Desidera , C. Dumas , J. H. Girard

Precise stellar radial velocities are used to search for massive (Jupiter masses or higher) exoplanets around the stars of the open cluster M67. We aim to obtain a census of massive exoplanets in a cluster of solar metallicity and age in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 L. Pasquini , A. Brucalassi , M. T. Ruiz , P. Bonifacio , C. Lovis , R. Saglia , C. Melo , K. Biazzo , S. Randich , L. R. Bedin

A common proper motion survey of M dwarf stars within 8 pc of the Sun reveals no new stellar or brown dwarf companions at wide separations (~100-1400 AU). This survey tests whether the brown dwarf ``desert'' extends to large separations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. L. Hinz , D. W. McCarthy , D. A. Simons , T. J. Henry , J. D. Kirkpatrick , P. C. McGuire

We present radial velocity measurements of a sample of M5V-M9V stars from our Red-Optical Planet Survey, ROPS, operating at 0.65-1.025 micron. Radial velocities for 15 stars, with r.m.s. precision down to 2.5 m/s over a week long time scale…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 J. R. Barnes , J. S. Jenkins , H. R. A. Jones , S. V. Jeffers , P. Rojo , P. Arriagada , A. Jordan , D. Minniti , M. Tuomi , D. Pinfield , G. Anglada-Escude

The vast majority of known extrasolar planets orbit stars with a narrow range of masses (0.7-1.3 M_sun). Recent years have seen rapid growth in our knowledge about the properties of planetary systems with host stars significantly more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Robert A. Wittenmyer , John A. Johnson , Liang Wang , Michael Endl

We present results from a high-contrast adaptive optics imaging search for giant planets and brown dwarfs (>1 MJup) around 122 newly identified nearby (<40 pc) young M dwarfs. Half of our targets are younger than 135 Myr and 90% are younger…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Brendan P. Bowler , Michael C. Liu , Evgenya L. Shkolnik , Motohide Tamura

Planet formation theories predict a large but still undetected population of short-period terrestrial planets orbiting brown dwarfs. Should specimens of this population be discovered transiting relatively bright and nearby brown dwarfs, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 Matthias Y. He , Amaury H. M. J. Triaud , Michaël Gillon

Brown-dwarfs are substellar objects with masses intermediate between planets and stars within about 13-80Mjup. While isolated BDs are most likely produced by gravitational collapse in molecular clouds down to masses of a few Mjup, a…

A combination of high-resolution and wide-field imaging reveals two binary stars and one triple star system among the sample of the first 11 stars with planets detected by radial velocity variations. High resolution speckle or adaptive…

We present results from our ongoing spectroscopic search for giant planets within 1 AU around a well-defined sample of metal-poor stars with HIRES on the Keck 1 telescope. We have achieved an rms radial velocity precision of $\sim 8$ m/s…

Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-29 A. Sozzetti , D. W. Latham , G. Torres , R. P. Stefanik , A. P. Boss , B. W. Carney , J. B. Laird

Wide separation gas giant planets present a challenge to current planet formation theories, and the detection and characterisation of these systems enables us to constrain their formation pathways. The WIde Separation Planets In Time…

A candidate < 3 Jupiter mass, extrasolar planet was recently imaged by Kalas et al. (2008) using HST/ACS at 12.7" (96 AU) separation from the nearby (d = 7.7 pc) young (~200 Myr) A2V star Fomalhaut. Here we report results from M-band (4.8…

We have performed extensive simulations to explore the possibility of detecting eclipses and transits of close, sub-stellar and planetary companions to white dwarfs in WASP light-curves. Our simulations cover companions $\sim0.3\Re<{\rm…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-17 F. Faedi , R. G. West , M. R. Burleigh , M. R. Goad , L. Hebb

Stellar activity and rotation frustrate the detection of exoplanets through the radial velocity technique. This effect is particularly of concern for M dwarfs, which can remain magnetically active for billions of years. We compile rotation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Elisabeth R. Newton , Jonathan Irwin , David Charbonneau , Zachory K. Berta-Thompson , Jason A. Dittmann

We have used the F160W filter (1.4-1.8 um) and the coronagraph on the Near-InfraRed Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to survey 45 single stars with a median age of 0.15 Gyr, an average…