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Jupiter's gravity field observed by NASA's Juno spacecraft indicates that the density in the 10--100 GPa region is lower than one would expect from a H/He adiabat with 0.5-5x solar water abundance as has been observationally inferred in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-02 Nadine Nettelmann , Jonathan J. Fortney

The Cassini measurements of C$_2$H$_2$ and C$_2$H$_6$ at $\sim$5 mbar provide a constraint on meridional transport in the stratosphere of Jupiter. We performed a two-dimensional photochemical calculation coupled with mass transport due to…

Ejection of material after the Deep Impact collision with Comet Tempel 1 was studied based on analysis of the images made by the Deep Impact cameras during the first 13 minutes after impact. Analysis of the images shows that there was a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-29 Sergei I. Ipatov , Michael F. A'Hearn

We aim to compute the impact rates for objects with a diameter of 1 km onto the regular satellites of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus using our latest dynamical simulations of the evolution of outer solar system coupled with the best estimates…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-12 R. Brasser , E. W. Wong , S. C. Werner

There is growing observational and theoretical evidence suggesting that atmospheric escape is a key driver of planetary evolution. Commonly, planetary evolution models employ simple analytic formulae (e.g., energy limited escape) that are…

We have conducted numerical simulations to reproduce the observed optical energy profile of the 15 October 2021 (UT) impact flash on Jupiter, which was the largest and the most well-observed flash event detected by ground-based movie…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-19 Ko Arimatsu , Kohji Tsumura , Fumihiko Usui , Jun-ichi Watanabe

Intensive investigations of freeze-out criteria in a hot and dense fireball provide important information regarding particle emission from the fireball. A systematic comparison of these proposals is presented here in the framework of a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-11-10 M. Mishra , C. P. Singh

Understanding the deep atmospheric composition of Jupiter provides critical constraints on its formation and the chemical evolution of the solar nebula. In this study, we combine one-dimensional thermochemical kinetic-transport modeling…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Jeehyun Yang , Ali Hyder , Renyu Hu , Jonathan I. Lunine

Close-in hot Jupiters are exposed to a tremendous photon flux that ionizes the neutral escaping material from the planet leaving an observable imprint that makes them an interesting laboratory for testing theoretical models. In this work we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 E. M. Schneiter , A. Esquivel , C. S. Villarreal D'Angelo , P. F. Velazquez , A. C. Raga , A. Costa

On 4 July 2005 at 05:52 UT, the impactor of NASA's Deep Impact (DI) mission crashed into comet 9P/Tempel 1 with a velocity of about 10 km/s. The material ejected by the impact expanded into the normal coma, produced by ordinary cometary…

Hot Jupiters receive strong stellar irradiation, producing equilibrium temperatures of $1000 - 2500 \ \mathrm{Kelvin}$. Incoming irradiation directly heats just their thin outer layer, down to pressures of $\sim 0.1 \ \mathrm{bars}$. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Andrew N. Youdin

We report two simulations that have been carried out at the SX-5 at HLRS (Stuttgart). One simulation is axisymmetric and purely hydrodynamic, but with a resolution of 20 points per beam-radius (ppb). The bipolar jet is injected in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Martin G. H. Krause , Max Camenzind

The polar regions of Jupiter host a myriad of dynamically interesting phenomena including vortex configurations, folded-filamentary regions (FFRs), and chaotic flows. Juno observations have provided unprecedented views of the high…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-20 Ali Hyder , Wladimir Lyra , Nancy Chanover , Raúl Morales-Juberías , Jason Jackiewicz

We have developed a pseudo two-dimensional model of a planetary atmosphere, which takes into account thermochemical kinetics, photochemistry, vertical mixing, and horizontal transport, the latter being modeled as a uniform zonal wind. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-08 Marcelino Agundez , Vivien Parmentier , Olivia Venot , Franck Hersant , Franck Selsis

Two-dimensional simulations of hot Jupiter upper atmospheres including the planet's magnetic field are presented. The goal is to explore magnetic effects on the layer of the atmosphere that is ionized and heated by stellar EUV radiation,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 George B. Trammell , Zhi-Yun Li , Phil Arras

We compute the distribution of velocities of the particles ejected by the impact of the projectile released from NASA Deep Impact spacecraft on the nucleus of comet 9P/Tempel 1 on the successive 20 hours following the collision. This is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Rengel , M. Kueppers , H. U. Keller , P. Gutierrez

The generation of plasma from hypervelocity impacts is an active research topic due to its important science and engineering ramifications in various applications. Previous studies have mainly focused on the ionization of the solid…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Shafquat T. Islam , Wentao Ma , John G. Michopoulos , Kevin Wang

The high latitude radio emissions produced by the Cyclotron Maser Instability (CMI) in Jupiter's magnetosphere extend from a few kHz to 40 MHz. Part of the decametric emissions is of auroral origin, and part is driven by the moons Io,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-01 C. K. Louis , L. Lamy , P. Zarka , B. Cecconi , S. L. G. Hess , X. Bonnin

While Jupiter's massive gas envelope consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, the key to understanding Jupiter's formation and evolution lies in the distribution of the remaining (heavy) elements. Before the Juno mission, the lack of…

On 7th August 2019, an impact flash lasting $\sim1$s was observed on Jupiter. The video of this event was analysed to obtain the lightcurve and determine the energy release and initial mass. We find that the impactor released a total energy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-27 Ramanakumar Sankar , Csaba Palotai , Ricardo Hueso , Marc Delcroix , Ethan Chappel , Agustin Sanchez-Lavega