Related papers: Extragalactic Globular Clusters and Galaxy Formati…

Globular cluster (GC) systems of massive galaxies often show a bimodal colour distribution. This has been interpreted as a metallicity bimodality, created by a two-stage galaxy formation where the red, metal-rich GCs were formed in the…

Detailed observations of globular clusters (GCs) have revealed evidence of self-enrichment: some of the heavy elements that we see in stars today were produced by cluster stars themselves. Moreover, GCs have internal subpopulations with…

We present an overview of observational progress in the study of extragalactic globular cluster systems. Globular clusters turn out to be excellent tracers not only for the star-formation histories in galaxies, but also for kinematics at…

I discuss how spectroscopy of extragalactic globular clusters provides a powerful probe of the formation history and mass distribution of galaxies. One critical area is spectroscopy of objects which have been identified as candidate young…

We investigate the old globular cluster (GC) population of 68 faint (Mv>-16 mag) dwarf galaxies located in the halo regions of nearby (<12 Mpc) loose galaxy groups and in the field environment based on archival HST/ACS images in F606W and…

Globular clusters (GCs) are some of the most visible tracers of the merging and accretion history of galaxy halos. Metal-poor GCs, in particular, are thought to arrive in massive galaxies largely through dry, minor merging events, but it is…

An increasing body of data reveals a one-to-one linear correlation between galaxy halo mass and the total mass in its globular cluster (GC) population, M_{GCS} ~ M_h^{1.03 \pm 0.03}, valid over 5 orders of magnitude. We explore the nature…

The outer halo regions of early-type galaxies carry key information about their past accretion history. However, spectroscopically probing the stellar component at such galactocentric radii is still challenging. Using Keck/DEIMOS, we have…

The origin of metal-rich, highly flattened, and rapidly rotating disk globular cluster system in the Galaxy is one of longstanding issues in the context of the Galaxy formation. Our numerical simulations suggest a new ``two-fold'' scenario…

We use the largest homogeneous sample of globular clusters (GCs), drawn from the ACSVCS and ACSFCS, to investigate the color gradients of GC systems in 76 early-type galaxies. We find that most GC systems possess an obvious negative…

We have investigated the global properties of the globular cluster (GC) systems of three early-type galaxies: the Virgo elliptical NGC4406, the field elliptical NGC3379, and the field S0 galaxy NGC4594. These galaxies were observed as part…

Star cluster formation is a major mode of star formation in the extreme conditions of interacting galaxies and violent starbursts. Young clusters are observed to form in a variety of such galaxies, a substantial number resembling the…

A growing number of recent observations have revealed that the Galactic globular cluster (GC) omega Cen is not the only GC that shows abundance spread in heavy elements (e.g., Fe). In order to understand the origin of the Galactic GCs with…

Globular clusters (GCs) are old massive star clusters that serve as `fossils' of galaxy formation. The advent of Gaia observatory has enabled detailed kinematics studies of the Galactic GCs and revolutionized our understanding of the…

We present the results of our detailed WFPC2-based photometric study of the globular cluster systems (GCS) of over 60 elliptical and S0 galaxies. Approximately 50\% of the GCSs of ellipticals, and at least 15-20\% of S0s reveal bimodality…

Globular clusters (GCs) are bright objects that span a wide range of galactocentric distances, and are thus probes of the structure of dark matter (DM) haloes. In this work, we explore whether the projected radial profiles of GCs can be…

We use a semi-analytic model for globular cluster (GC) formation built on dark matter merger trees to explore the relative role of formation physics and hierarchical assembly in determining the properties of GC populations. Many previous…

Metal poor globular clusters (MPGCs) are a unique probe of the early universe, in particular the reionization era. Systems of globular clusters in galaxy clusters are particularly interesting as it is in the progenitors of galaxy clusters…

Studies of nearby elliptical and S0 galaxies reveal that roughly half of the low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), which are luminous tracers of accreting neutron star or black hole systems, are in clusters. There is a surprising tendency of…

Globular clusters (GCs) are found in all types of galaxies and harbor some of the most extreme stellar systems, including black holes that may dynamically assemble into merging binaries (BBHs). Uncertain GC properties, including when they…