Related papers: Recent Developments in Neutron Star Thermal Evolut…
We examine the thermal evolution of a sequence of compact objects containing low-mass hadronic and high-mass quark-hadronic stars constructed from a microscopically motivated equation of state. The dependence of the cooling tracks in the…
The thermal evolution of neutron stars is coupled to their spin down and the resulting changes in structure and chemical composition. This coupling correlates stellar surface temperatures with rotational state as well as time. We report an…
The study of neutron stars, or more general compact stars, is a topic of central interest in nuclear astrophysics. Furthermore, neutron stars serve as the only physical systems whose properties can be used to infer information on cold and…
The hypothesis that neutrons might decay into dark matter is explored using neutron stars as a testing ground. It is found that in order to obtain stars with masses at the upper end of those observed, the dark matter must experience a…
Neutron star observations, including direct mass and radius measurements as well as the analysis of gravitational wave signals emitted by stellar mergers, provide valuable and unique insights into the properties of strongly interacting…
It is generally agreed on that the tremendous densities reached in the centers of neutron stars provide a high-pressure environment in which numerous novel particles processes are likely to compete with each other. These processes range…
During the last decade, the understanding of fine features of the structure and evolution of stars has become possible as a result of enormous progress made in the acquisition of high-quality observational and experimental data and of new…
We discuss different exotic phases and components of matter from the crust to the core of neutron stars based on theoretical models for equations of state relevant to core collapse supernova simulations and neutron star merger. Parameters…
The understanding of neutron star equation of state hinges on a comprehensive analysis of multi-messenger, multi-wavelength data. The recent scrutiny of PSR J0030+0451 data by NICER introduces complexities, unveiling a tension with another…
We review the current status and recent progress of microscopic many-body approaches and phenomenological models, which are employed to construct the equation of state of neutron stars. The equation of state is relevant for the description…
XMM-Newton has deeply changed our picture of X-ray emission of hot, massive stars. High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy as well as monitoring of these objects helped us gain a deeper insight into the physics of single massive stars with or…
The possibility of a neutron m=2-superfluid in the interior of neutron stars is investigated. This pairing state is energetically favoured in strong magnetic fields ($H\sim 10^{16}-10^{17}$ G). Because of the node in the angular-dependent…
The properties of superdense matter in neutron star (NS) cores control NS thermal states by affecting the efficiency of neutrino emission from NS interiors. To probe these properties we confront the theory of thermal evolution of NSs with…
Cold and dense matter may break rotational symmetry spontaneously and thus form an anisotropic phase in the interior of neutron stars. We consider the concrete example of an anisotropic chiral condensate in the form of a chiral density…
A number of properties of dense matter can be understood semiquantitatively in terms of simple physical arguments. We begin with the outer parts of neutron stars, and consider the density at which pressure ionization occurs, the density at…
Born in the aftermath of core collapse supernovae, neutron stars contain matter under extraordinary conditions of density and temperature that are difficult to reproduce in the laboratory. In recent years, neutron star observations have…
In this paper we review present state of theoretical and observational exploration of isolated neutron stars. We mainly discuss objects which do not show usual radiopulsar activity. We include into our review the following types of objects:…
The discovery of a 2 Msun neutron star provided a robust constraint for the theory of exotic dense matter, bringing into question the existence of strange baryons in the interiors of neutron stars. Although many theories fail to reproduce…
We review the current status of the theory of thermal emission from the surface layers of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields $B\sim 10^{10}-10^{15}$ G, including formation of the spectrum in a partially ionized atmosphere and at a…
Measuring the time evolution of the effective surface temperature of neutron stars can provide invaluable information on the properties of their dense cores. Here, we report on a new Chandra observation of the transient neutron star…