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For over 60 years, the scientific community has studied actively growing central super-massive black holes (active galactic nuclei -- AGN) but fundamental questions on their genesis remain unanswered. Numerical simulations and theoretical…

Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback provides the link between the central black hole and its host galaxy. We assume AGN feedback driven by radiation pressure on dust, which sweeps up the ambient dusty gas into an outflowing shell, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 W. Ishibashi , A. C. Fabian

In order to relate the observed evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function and the luminosity function of active galactic nuclei (AGN), we explore a co-evolution scenario in which AGN are associated only with the very last phases of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-28 Neven Caplar , Simon J. Lilly , Benny Trakhtenbrot

Today, almost every galaxy spheroid contains a massive black hole: a remnant of, and testament to, a period in its evolution when it contained an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, the sequence and timescales of the formation of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. J. Page , J. A. Stevens , R. J. Ivison , F. J. Carrera

We present the results of a semianalytical model that evolves the masses and spins of massive black holes together with the properties of their host galaxies along the cosmic history. As a consistency check, our model broadly reproduces a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-15 Alberto Sesana , Enrico Barausse , Massimo Dotti , Elena Maria Rossi

We use a sample of active galaxies from the Cosmic Evolution Survey to show that host galaxy morphology is tied to the accretion rate and X-ray obscuration of its active galactic nucleus (AGN). Unobscured and rapidly accreting broad-line…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-20 Jonathan R. Trump

We propose the model of first quasars formation around the cluster of rimordial black holes (PBHs). It is supposed, that mass fraction of the universe ~10^-3 is composed of the compact clusters of PBHs, produced during the phase transitions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vyacheslav Dokuchaev , Yury Eroshenko , Sergei Rubin

Observational studies have revealed a "downsizing" trend in black hole (BH) growth: the number densities of luminous AGN peak at higher redshifts than those of faint AGN. This would seem to imply that massive black holes formed before low…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Michaela Hirschmann , Rachel S. Somerville , Thorsten Naab , Andreas Burkert

The observational link between Supermassive Black Holes (SMBH) and galaxies at low redshift seems to be very tight, and statistically the global evolution of star formation activity and BH accretion activity also seem to trace each other…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-08-11 Rachel S. Somerville

A solid theoretical understanding of how inflowing, accreting plasma around black holes and other compact objects gives rise to outflowing winds and jets is still lacking, despite decades of observations. The fact that similar processes and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 S. Markoff

It is commonly believed that the optical/UV and X-ray emissions in luminous AGN are produced in an accretion disk and an embedded hot corona respectively. The inverse Compton scattering of disk photons by hot electrons in the corona can…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-05 B. F. Liu , R. E. Taam , E. Qiao , W. Yuan

Stellar-mass black holes with relativistic jets, also known as microquasars, mimic the behavior of quasars and active galactic nuclei. Because timescales around stellar-mass black holes are orders of magnitude smaller than those around more…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-03-26 Joseph Neilsen , Julia C. Lee

Molecular gas is the key probe for the complex interaction between the accretion of black holes and star formation of the host galaxy of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The molecular gas discovered around the AGN indicates that this gas is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-17 Chen Yongyun , Gu Qiusheng , Fan Junhui , Yu Xiaoling , Ding Nan , Guo Xiaotong , Xiong Dingrong

The nuclei of most normal galaxies contain supermassive black holes, which can accrete gas through a disk and become active. These Active Galactic Nuclei, AGN, can form jets which are observed on scales from AU to Mpc and from meter…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-11 Roger Blandford , David Meier , Anthony Readhead

Significant progress has been made in the last few years on understanding how supermassive black holes form and grow. In this paper, we begin by reviewing the spectral signatures of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) ranging from radio to hard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Ezequiel Treister , C. Megan Urry

In this review I concentrate exclusively on models for the large-scale structure created by jet flows in AGN. I briefly mention models for the evolution and emission of these objects and how they can also be applied to microquasars. While…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-14 Christian R. Kaiser

Supermassive stars born from pristine gas in atomically-cooled haloes are thought to be the progenitors of supermassive black holes at high redshifts. However, the way they accrete their mass is still an unsolved problem. In particular, for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-31 Lionel Haemmerlé , Tyrone E. Woods , Ralf S. Klessen , Alexander Heger , Daniel J. Whalen

Most bulge-dominated galaxies host black holes with masses that tightly correlate with the masses of their bulges. This may indicate that the black holes may regulate galaxy growth or vice versa, or that they may grow in lock-step. The…

Our current understanding of the evolution of obscured accretion onto supermassive black holes is reviewed. We consider the literature results on the relation between the fraction of moderately obscured, Compton-thin AGN and redshift, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 R. Gilli , A. Comastri , C. Vignali , P. Ranalli , K. Iwasawa

We present a comprehensive synthesis model for the AGN evolution and the growth of supermassive black holes in the Universe. We solve the continuity equation for SMBH mass function using the locally determined one as a boundary condition,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Andrea Merloni , Sebastian Heinz