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In this work we introduced a new proposal to study the gravitational lensing theory by spherical lenses, starting from its surface mass density $\Sigma(x)$ written in terms of a decreasing function $f$ of a dimensionless coordinate $x$ on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-21 Roger Hurtado , Leonardo Castaneda , Juan M. Tejeiro

The study of light lensed by cosmic matter has yielded much information about astrophysical questions. Observations are explained using geometrical optics following a ray-based description of light. After deflection the lensed light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Valeria Rodriguez-Fajardo , Thao P. Nguyen , Kiyan S. Hocek , Jacob M. Freedman , Enrique J. Galvez

Observations of strongly gravitationally lensed gravitational wave (GW) sources provide a unique opportunity for constraining their transverse motion, which otherwise is exceedingly hard for GW mergers in general. Strong lensing makes this…

This is a general work on gravitational lensing. We present new expressions for the optical scalars and the deflection angle in terms of the energy-momentum tensor components of matter distributions. Our work generalizes standard references…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-12 Emanuel Gallo , Osvaldo M. Moreschi

When measuring diameters of partially resolved sources like planetary nebulae, H II regions or galaxies, often a technique called gaussian deconvolution is used. This technique yields a gaussian diameter which subsequently has to be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. A. M. van Hoof

The maximum-entropy method is applied to the problem of reconstructing the projected mass density of a galaxy cluster using its gravitational lensing effects on background galaxies. We demonstrate the method by reconstructing the mass…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. L. Bridle , M. P. Hobson , A. N. Lasenby , Richard Saunders

We summarise a new approach for measuring the Hubble constant using standard sirens and the reconstructed matter density field obtained from observed galaxy surveys. Specifically, we describe and test this method using the Bayesian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-12 Supranta S. Boruah , Ghazal Geshnizjani , Guilhem Lavaux

Strong lensing of gravitational wave (GW) sources allows the observer to see the GW source from different lines-of-sight (LOS) through the corresponding images, which provides a way for constraining the relative proper motion of the GW…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-23 Johan Samsing , Lorenz Zwick , Pankaj Saini , Kai Hendriks , Rico K. L. Lo , Luka Vujeva , Georgi D. Radev , Yan Yu

We present here an alternative method for calculating magnifications in gravitational lensing calculations -- the Ray Bundle method. We provide a detailed comparison between the distribution of magnifications obtained compared with analytic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 C. J. Fluke , R. L. Webster , Daniel J. Mortlock

We introduce a methodology for robust Bayesian estimation with robust divergence (e.g., density power divergence or {\gamma}-divergence), indexed by a single tuning parameter. It is well known that the posterior density induced by robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-04 Shouto Yonekura , Shonosuke Sugasawa

We develop variational regularization methods which leverage sparsity-promoting priors to solve severely ill posed inverse problems defined on the 3D ball (i.e. the solid sphere). Our method solves the problem natively on the ball and thus…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Matthew A. Price , Jason D. McEwen

An overview is given of Bayesian inversion and regularization procedures. In particular, the conceptual basis of the maximum entropy method (MEM) is discussed, and extensions to positive/negative and complex data are highlighted. Other…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 A. N. Lasenby , R. B. Barreiro , M. P. Hobson

This paper examines free-form modeling of gravitational lenses using Bayesian ensembles of pixelated mass maps. The priors and algorithms from previous work are clarified and significant technical improvements are made. Lens reconstruction…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jonathan Coles

We use a new non-parametric gravitational modelling tool -- \Glass{} -- to determine what quality of data (strong lensing, stellar kinematics, and/or stellar masses) are required to measure the circularly averaged mass profile of a lens and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Jonathan P. Coles , Justin I. Read , Prasenjit Saha

With today's millimeter and submillimeter instruments observers use gravitational lensing mostly as a tool to boost the sensitivity when observing distant objects. This is evident through the dominance of gravitationally lensed objects…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tommy Wiklind , Danielle Alloin

Gravitational lensing will cause a dispersion in the Hubble diagram for high redshift sources. This effect will introduce a bias in the cosmological parameter determination using the distance-redshift relation for Type Ia supernovae. In…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. Amanullah , E. Mortsell , A. Goobar

We have previously reported the discovery of strong gravitational lensing by faint elliptical galaxies using the WFPC2 on HST and here we investigate their potential usefulness in putting constraints on lens mass models. We compare various…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Adam Knudson , Kavan U. Ratnatunga , Richard E. Griffith

Strong gravitational lenses allow us to peer into the farthest reaches of space by bending the light from a background object around a massive object in the foreground. Unfortunately, these lenses are extremely rare, and manually finding…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-24 Stephen Sheng , Keerthi Vasan G. C , Chi Po Choi , James Sharpnack , Tucker Jones

(abridged) Aims: RXS J113155.4-123155 (z=0.66) is a quadruply imaged lensed quasar with a resolved Einstein Ring. The goal of this paper is to provide a full characterization of this system, and more particularly accurate astrometry and…

Magnification and de-magnification due to gravitational lensing will contribute to the brightness scatter of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility to decrease this scatter by correcting…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Jakob Jonsson , Edvard Mortsell , Jesper Sollerman