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This paper presents an analysis of a series of spectra in the Red Rectangle nebula. Only the reddest part of the spectra can safely be attributed to light from the nebula, and indicates Rayleigh scattering by the gas, in conformity with the…
We report the visible reflection spectrum of the integrated Earth, illuminated as it would be seen as an spatially-unresolved extrasolar planet. The spectrum was derived from observation of lunar earthshine in the range 4800 to 9200…
SAOZ (Systeme d'Analyse par Observation Zenitale) is a balloon born experiment which determines the column density of several molecular species from the visible spectrum of sunlight. We will use sequence of spectra collected during a sunset…
The optical surface brightness of dark nebulae is mainly due to scattering of integrated starlight by classical dust grains. It contains information on the impinging interstellar radiation field, cloud structure, and grain scattering…
The interpretation of observations over different wavelength domains, which now exist over a large fraction of the sky, will be used to determine relationships between a nebula and its' illuminating source. The illuminating source of a high…
This study investigates the relationship between atmospheric extinction and the spectrum of the Red Rectangle nebula on scales of a few to a few tens of Ang. It is found that the fine structure of the nebula's continuum short-ward of 6700A…
When a star is observed behind an interstellar cloud of sufficient column density, we do not observe the direct light from the star, which is totally extinguished. Rather, we see only starlight scattered at small angles from the star. I use…
Aims: We aim to extend our current observational understanding of the integrated planet Earth spectropolarimetry from the optical to the near-infrared wavelengths. Major biomarkers like O$_{\rm 2}$ and water vapor are strong flux absorbents…
A system of Lorentz oscillators is considered to interpret of spectral lines of hydrogen atoms. The dielectric permittivity of this system, which takes into account its electric polarization, is considered. The substance is examined in the…
We discuss a series of Earthshine spectra obtained with the NTT/EMMI instrument between 320nm and 1020nm with a resolution of R~450 in the blue and R~250 in the red. These ascending and descending Moon's Earthshine spectra taken from Chile…
The spectrum of the light scattered from an extended atomic wave packet is calculated. For a wave packet consisting of two spatially separated peaks moving on parallel trajectories, the spectrum contains Ramsey-like fringes that are…
This paper examines the variations, because of atmospheric extinction, of broad-band visible spectra, obtained from long-slit spectroscopy, in the vicinity of some stars, nebulae, and one faint galaxy.
We report 320 to 1020nm disk-averaged Earth reflectance spectra obtained from Moon's Earthshine observations with the EMMI spectrograph on the NTT at ESO La Silla (Chile). The spectral signatures of Earth atmosphere and ground vegetation…
The spectrum of five stars is analysed and explained by the superimposition of two components. One is the extinction of the direct starlight, with an extinction coefficient A which varies as the inverse of the wavelength across all the UV.…
I have been too conservative in `A review of the properties of the scattered starlight which contaminates the spectrum of reddened stars' (NewA, 2002, 7/4, 191) concerning the conditions implied by an additional component of scattered light…
Why do plants reflect in the green and have a 'red edge' in the red, and should extrasolar photosynthesis be the same? We provide: 1) a brief review of how photosynthesis works; 2) an overview of the diversity of photosynthetic organisms,…
The scattered starlight which contaminates the spectrum of a reddened star depends on l as 1/lambda^n (n*4), and must be attributed to small particles. Surprisingly these particules, which have a quasi-isotropic phase function, do not…
Multi-wavelength spectroscopy can be used to constrain the dust and gas properties in debris disks. Circumstellar dust absorbs and scatters incident stellar light. The scattered light is sometimes resolved spatially at visual and…
We present low-dispersion visible spectra of two regions of the 30 Doradus nebula. When corrected for atomic continuum emission and divided by the spectrum of the exciting and illuminating stars, one of the two spectra clearly shows…
This paper presents an analysis of the UV spectrum of some nebulae with clearly identified illuminating stars, all observed by the IUE satellite. The data show remarkable properties of the UV spectrum of the nebulae. Each spectrum is the…