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Photonic devices play an increasingly important role in advancing physics and engineering, and while improvements in nanofabrication and computational methods have driven dramatic progress in expanding the range of achievable optical…

This paper reviews the field of extreme nonlinear optics in optical fibers, highlighting key phenomena and advancements. It discusses multiple ionization effects caused by femtosecond laser pulses that generate plasma and induce permanent…

Computational optical imaging (COI) systems leverage optical coding elements (CE) in their setups to encode a high-dimensional scene in a single or multiple snapshots and decode it by using computational algorithms. The performance of COI…

In this paper, we develop the mathematical framework for filtering problems arising from biophysical applications where data is collected from confocal laser scanning microscopy recordings of the space-time evolution of intracellular wave…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Jan Szalankiewicz , Cristina Martinez-Torres , Wilhelm Stannat

Recent theory progresses in (3+1)D dynamical descriptions of relativistic nuclear collisions at finite baryon density are reviewed. Heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies produce strongly coupled nuclear matter to probe the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-16 Chun Shen

Numerical simulations have become an important tool to understand and predict non-perturbative phenomena in particle physics. In this article we attempt to present a general overview over the field. First, the basic concepts of lattice…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2010-12-17 F. Karsch , E. Laermann

We present an analysis of physical conditions in planetary nebulae (PNe) in terms of collisionally-excited line (CEL) and optical-recombination line (ORL) profiles. We aim to investigate whether line profiles could be used to study the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yong Zhang

We present integral field unit spectroscopic observations of southern Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe), IC 2501, Hen 2-7, and PB4. The goal of studying these objects together is that, although they have roughly similar intermediate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-05 A. Ali , M. A. Dopita

Reactions between atomic nuclei are measured in great detail in terrestrial laboratory experiments; transferring and extrapolating this knowledge to how the same reactions act within cosmic environments presents major challenges.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-11 Roland Diehl , Michael Wiescher

The determination of accurate chemical abundances of planetary nebulae (PN) in different galaxies allows us to obtain important constraints of chemical evolution models for these systems. We have a long term program to derive abundances in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-17 W. J. Maciel , R. D. D. Costa , T. E. P. Idiart

Tokens are discrete representations that allow modern deep learning to scale by transforming high-dimensional data into sequences that can be efficiently learned, generated, and generalized to new tasks. These have become foundational for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Levi Lingsch , Georgios Kissas , Johannes Jakubik , Siddhartha Mishra

Evolved stars are among the largest and brightest stars and they are ideal targets for the new generation of sensitive, high resolution instrumentation that pro- vides spectrophotometric, interferometric, astrometric, and imaging…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-16 A. Chiavassa , B. Freytag

After performing the morpho-kinematic analysis of the planetary nebula (PN) PC 22, we now present its nebular and stellar analysis. The plasma investigation relies on the novel use of a Monte Carlo analysis associated to the PyNeb code for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 L. Sabin , V. Gómez-Llanos , C. Morisset , V. M. A. Gómez-González , M. A. Guerrero , H. Todt , X. Fang

Aims. Numerous planetary nebulae show complicated inner structures not obviously explained. For one such object we undertake a detailed 3D photoionization and kinematical model analysis for a better understanding of the underlying shaping…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-28 K. Gesicki , A. Zijlstra , M. Hajduk , A. Iwanowska , K. Grzesiak , K. Lisiecki , J. Lipinski

The current accelerated expansion of the universe has been one of the most important fields in physics and astronomy since 1998. Many cosmological models have been proposed in the literature to explain this mysterious phenomenon. Since the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-24 Ya-Nan Zhou , De-Zi Liu , Xiao-Bo Zou , Hao Wei

We present results of an ongoing survey of low surface brightness planetary nebulae (PNe). Using both narrow-band imaging and long slit spectroscopy we have studied 15 new examples for interaction with the interstellar medium (ISM)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Florian Kerber , Elise Furlan , Thomas Rauch , Miguel Roth

About 3,500 planetary nebulae (PNe) are currently known in the Milky Way, which shows a great discrepancy with the expected number for these objects, regardless of the reference used, $33-59 \times 10^{3}$. The same holds for symbiotic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-04-10 Giovanna Liberato , Denise R. Gonçalves , Luis A. Gutiérrez-Soto , Stavros Akras

Observational breakthroughs in the exoplanet field of the last decade motivated the development of numerous theoretical models describing atmospheres and mass loss, which is believed to be one of the main drivers of planetary evolution. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Daria Kubyshkina , Luca Fossati , Nikolai V. Erkaev

Asteroid photometry has three major applications: providing clues about asteroid surface physical properties and compositions, facilitating photometric corrections, and helping design and plan ground-based and spacecraft observations. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Jian-Yang Li , Paul Helfenstein , Bonnie J. Buratti , Driss Takir , Beth Ellen Clark

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising approach to solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using neural networks, particularly in data-scarce scenarios, due to their unsupervised training capability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Edgar Torres , Jonathan Schiefer , Mathias Niepert