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Cosmic-ray acceleration in supernova remnants: non-linear theory revised

A rapidly growing amount of evidences, mostly coming from the recent gamma-ray observations of Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs), is seriously challenging our understanding of how particles are accelerated at fast shocks. The cosmic-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Damiano Caprioli

Hydrodynamics of Young Supernova Remnants and the Implications for their Gamma-ray emission

Supernovae (SNe) are generally classified into Type I and Type II. Most SNe (~ 80%), including all the subtypes of Type II, and Type Ib/c, arise from the core-collapse of massive stars. During their lifetime, mass-loss from these stars…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-07 Vikram Dwarkadas

Kinematics of Supernova Remnants: Status of X-Ray Observations

A supernova (SN) explosion drives stellar debris into the circumstellar material (CSM) filling a region on a scale of parsecs with X-ray emitting plasma. The velocities involved in supernova remnants (SNRs), thousands of km/s, can be…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Daniel Dewey

Detection of the Characteristic Pion-Decay Signature in Supernova Remnants

Cosmic rays are particles (mostly protons) accelerated to relativistic speeds. Despite wide agreement that supernova remnants (SNRs) are the sources of galactic cosmic rays, unequivocal evidence for the acceleration of protons in these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-03-18 LAT collaboration , M. Ackermann , M. Ajello , A. Allafort , L. Baldini , J. Ballet , G. Barbiellini , M. G. Baring , D. Bastieri , K. Bechtol , R. Bellazzini , R. D. Blandford , E. D. Bloom , E. Bonamente , A. W. Borgland , E. Bottacini , T. J. Brandt , J. Bregeon , M. Brigida , P. Bruel , R. Buehler , G. Busetto , S. Buson , G. A. Caliandro , R. A. Cameron , P. A. Caraveo , J. M. Casandjian , C. Cecchi , Ö. Çelik , E. Charles , S. Chaty , R. C. G. Chaves , A. Chekhtman , C. C. Cheung , J. Chiang , G. Chiaro , A. N. Cillis , S. Ciprini , R. Claus , J. Cohen-Tanugi , L. R. Cominsky , J. Conrad , S. Corbel , S. Cutini , F. D'Ammando , A. de Angelis , F. de Palma , C. D. Dermer , E. do Couto e Silva , P. S. Drell , A. Drlica-Wagner , L. Falletti , C. Favuzzi , E. C. Ferrara , A. Franckowiak , Y. Fukazawa , S. Funk , P. Fusco , F. Gargano , S. Germani , N. Giglietto , P. Giommi , F. Giordano , M. Giroletti , T. Glanzman , G. Godfrey , I. A. Grenier , M. -H. Grondin , J. E. Grove , S. Guiriec , D. Hadasch , Y. Hanabata , A. K. Harding , M. Hayashida , K. Hayashi , E. Hays , J. Hewitt , A. B. Hill , R. E. Hughes , M. S. Jackson , T. Jogler , G. Jóhannesson , A. S. Johnson , T. Kamae , J. Kataoka , J. Katsuta , J. Knödlseder , M. Kuss , J. Lande , S. Larsson , L. Latronico , M. Lemoine-Goumard , F. Longo , F. Loparco , M. N. Lovellette , P. Lubrano , G. M. Madejski , F. Massaro , M. Mayer , M. N. Mazziotta , J. E. McEnery , J. Mehault , P. F. Michelson , R. P. Mignani , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Mizuno , A. A. Moiseev , M. E. Monzani , A. Morselli , I. V. Moskalenko , S. Murgia , T. Nakamori , R. Nemmen , E. Nuss , M. Ohno , T. Ohsugi , N. Omodei , M. Orienti , E. Orlando , J. F. Ormes , D. Paneque , J. S. Perkins , M. Pesce-Rollins , F. Piron , G. Pivato , S. Rainò , R. Rando , M. Razzano , S. Razzaque , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , S. Ritz , C. Romoli , M. Sánchez-Conde , A. Schulz , C. Sgrò , P. E. Simeon , E. J. Siskind , D. A. Smith , G. Spandre , P. Spinelli , F. W. Stecker , A. W. Strong , D. J. Suson , H. Tajima , H. Takahashi , T. Takahashi , T. Tanaka , J. G. Thayer , J. B. Thayer , D. J. Thompson , S. E. Thorsett , L. Tibaldo , O. Tibolla , M. Tinivella , E. Troja , Y. Uchiyama , T. L. Usher , J. Vandenbroucke , V. Vasileiou , G. Vianello , V. Vitale , A. P. Waite , M. Werner , B. L. Winer , K. S. Wood , M. Wood , R. Yamazaki , Z. Yang , S. Zimmer

Progenitors and Explosion Properties of Supernova Remnants Hosting Central Compact Objects: II. A Global Systematic Study with a Comparison to Nucleosynthesis Models

Core-collapse explosions of massive stars leave behind neutron stars, with a known diversity that includes the "Central Compact Objects" (CCOs). Typified by the neutron star discovered near the centre of the Cas A supernova remnant (SNR),…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-29 Chelsea Braun , Samar Safi-Harb , Chris Fryer , Ping Zhou

Morphology of synchrotron emission in young supernova remnants

In the framework of test-particle and cosmic-ray modified hydrodynamics, we calculate synchrotron emission radial profiles in young ejecta-dominated supernova remnants (SNRs) evolving in an ambient medium which is uniform in density and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Gamil Cassam-Chenai , Anne Decourchelle , Jean Ballet , Donald C. Ellison

Supernova Remnants in Gamma Rays

In the 1960s, the remnants of supernova explosions (SNRs) were indicated as a possible source of galactic cosmic rays through the Diffusive Shock Acceleration (DSA) mechanism. Since then, the observation of gamma-ray emission from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-28 Andrea Giuliani , Martina Cardillo

Particle acceleration in supernova-remnant shocks

It has been known for over 50 years that the radio emission from shell supernova remnants (SNRs) indicates the presence of electrons with energies in the GeV range emitting synchrotron radiation. The discovery of nonthermal X-ray emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 S. P. Reynolds

Evidence of 10-100 TeV Electrons in Supernova Remnants

Analyses of the X-ray data of the five young shell-type supernova remnants Cas A, Kepler, Tycho, SN 1006, and RCW 86 suggest that some of the X-ray emission of these sources is non-thermal. This non-thermal emission is qualitatively…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. E. Allen , E. V. Gotthelf , R. Petre

Three-dimensional numerical investigations of the morphology of type Ia SNRs

We explore the morphology of Type Ia supernova remnants (SNRs) using three-dimensional hydrodynamics modeling and an exponential density profile. Our model distinguishes ejecta from the interstellar medium (ISM), and tracks the ionization…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 D. C. Warren , J. M. Blondin

Gamma-ray Emission from Crushed Clouds in Supernova Remnants

It is shown that the radio and gamma-ray emission observed from newly-found "GeV-bright" supernova remnants (SNRs) can be explained by a model, in which a shocked cloud and shock-accelerated cosmic rays (CRs) frozen in it are simultaneously…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 Yasunobu Uchiyama , Roger Blandford , Stefan Funk , Hiroyasu Tajima , Takaaki Tanaka

Chandra Studies of Nonthermal Emission from Supernova Remnants and Pulsar Wind Nebulae

While supernova remnants (SNRs) have long been considered prime candidates as sources of cosmic rays, it is only recently that X-ray observations have identified several shell-type SNRs dominated by nonthermal emission, thus revealing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Patrick Slane

Cosmic Ray Spectrum Steepening in Supernova Remnants -- I. Loss-Free Self-Similar Solution

The direct measurements of cosmic rays (CRs), after correction for the propagation effects in the interstellar medium, indicate that their source spectra are likely to be significantly steeper than the canonical $E^{-2}$ spectrum predicted…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-08 Mikhail Malkov , Felix Aharonian

Ultra-high-energy $\gamma$-ray imprints from PeV particles accelerated by supernova remnants

The quest for the origin of cosmic ray (CRs) is a fundamental issue in astrophysics. Shocks of supernova remnants (SNRs) have been considered as the dominant contributors to Galactic CRs below the spectral knee near $\sim 3$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-27 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , J. Blunier , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , Y. Y. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , E. S. Chen , G. H. Chen , H. K. Chen , L. F. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , X. P. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Q. Y. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , A. J. Dong , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , K. J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , R. P. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernández-Cadena , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , X. L. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , A. Inventar , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Y. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , I. O. Maliy , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , Y. Mizuno , G. B. Mou , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , Z. W. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , D. Y. Peng , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , D. Qu , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Sáiz , D. Savchenko , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , J. X. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , D. H. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. F. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , H. D. Xing , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , B. N. Xu , C. Y. Xu , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , S. S. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Z. H. Yang , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , X. T. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , C. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. Y. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , S. Y. Zhang , W. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , T. C. Zheng , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo , Y. Li

Effects of Neutral Particles on Modified Shocks at Supernova Remnants

H-alpha emission from supernova remnants (SNRs) implies the existence of neutral hydrogens in the ambient medium. In the precursor of an SNR shock modified by cosmic rays (CRs), upstream plasmas are pushed by the CR pressure, but neutral…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-14 Yutaka Ohira , Fumio Takahara

Typing Supernova Remnants Using X-ray Line Emission Morphologies

We present a new observational method to type the explosions of young supernova remnants (SNRs). By measuring the morphology of the Chandra X-ray line emission in seventeen Galactic and Large Magellanic Cloud SNRs with a multipole expansion…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 Laura A. Lopez , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Carles Badenes , Daniela Huppenkothen , Tesla E. Jeltema , David A. Pooley

Particle Acceleration and Gamma-Ray Production in Shell Remnants

A number of nearby Northern Hemisphere shell-type Supernova Remnants (SNRs) has been observed in TeV gamma rays, but none of them could be detected so far. This failure calls for a critical reevaluation of the theoretical arguments for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. J. Volk

Cosmic ray acceleration parameters from multi-wavelength observations. The case of SN 1006

The properties of the Galactic supernova remnant SN 1006 are theoretically reanalysed. Nonlinear kinetic theory is used to determine the acceleration efficiency of cosmic rays (CRs) in the supernova remnant SN 1006. The known range of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-03-22 E. G. Berezhko , L. T. Ksenofontov , H. J. Voelk

X-ray polarization: A view deep inside cosmic ray driven turbulence and particle acceleration in supernova remnants

We show here that highly polarized X-ray synchrotron radiation from young supernova remnants (SNRs) can be modeled within the framework of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) and nonlinear magnetic turbulence generation.Cosmic ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-30 Andrei. M. Bykov , Sergei. M. Osipov , Yury. A. Uvarov , Donald. C. Ellison , Patrick Slane

3-D Model of Broadband Emission from Supernova Remnants Undergoing Non-linear Diffusive Shock Acceleration

We present a 3-dimensional model of supernova remnants (SNRs) where the hydrodynamical evolution of the remnant is modeled consistently with nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration occuring at the outer blast wave. The model includes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Shiu-Hang Lee , Tsuneyoshi Kamae , Donald C. Ellison